Đề thi thử THPT QG - Đề số 03

Ta có:

$\begin{array}{l}A_x^2 = A_1^2 + A_2^2 + 2{A_1}{A_2}{\rm{cos(}}{\varphi _1} - {\varphi _2})\\A_y^2 = A_1^2 + A_2^2 - 2{A_1}{A_2}{\rm{cos(}}{\varphi _1} - {\varphi _2})\end{array}$

Mặt khác, ta có:

$\begin{array}{l}{A_x} = 5{A_y}\\ \to A_x^2 = 25A_y^2\\ \leftrightarrow A_1^2 + A_2^2 + 2{A_1}{A_2}{\rm{cos}}\left( {{\varphi _1} - {\varphi _2}} \right) = 25\left( {A_1^2 + A_2^2 - 2{A_1}{A_2}cos\left( {{\varphi _1} - {\varphi _2}} \right)} \right)\\ \leftrightarrow 52{A_1}{A_2}{\rm{cos(}}{\varphi _1} - {\varphi _2}) = 24A_1^2 + 24A_2^2\\ \to {\rm{cos(}}{\varphi _1} - {\varphi _2}) = \frac{{24A_1^2 + 24A_2^2}}{{52{A_1}{A_2}}} \ge \frac{{2\sqrt {24A_1^2.24A_2^2} }}{{52{A_1}{A_2}}} = \frac{{12}}{{13}}\\ \to \Delta \varphi  \le 22,{62^0}\end{array}$

Vậy độ lệch pha cực đại của hai dao động là \(\Delta \varphi  = 22,{62^0}\)

OA = d m

AB = 6 m

AM = 4,5 m

\(\begin{gathered}\tan  = \tan ({\alpha _1} - {\alpha _2}) = \dfrac{{\tan {\alpha _1} - \tan {\alpha _2}}}{{1 +\tan {\alpha _1}\tan {\alpha _2}}} \hfill \\= \dfrac{{\dfrac{6}{d} - \dfrac{{4,5}}{d}}}{{1 + \dfrac{6}{d}.\dfrac{{4,5}}{d}}} = \dfrac{{1,5}}{{d + \dfrac{{27}}{d}}} \hfill \\\end{gathered} \)

Theo BĐT Cosi, ta có:

\(\begin{gathered}d + \dfrac{{27}}{d} \geqslant 2\sqrt {27}  = 2.3\sqrt 3  \hfill \\\to d = 3\sqrt 3 m \hfill \\ \end{gathered} \)

Do đó:

$OM = \sqrt {{{(3\sqrt 3 )}^2} + 4,{5^2}}  = \dfrac{{3\sqrt {21} }}{2}m$

Ta có:

\({L_A} - {L_M} = 10\log \dfrac{{{I_A}}}{{{I_M}}} \leftrightarrow 40 - 50 =  - 10 = 10\log \dfrac{{{I_A}}}{{{I_M}}} \to \dfrac{{{I_A}}}{{{I_M}}} = 0,1\)

Mặt khác:

$\begin{gathered}\left\{ \begin{gathered}{I_A} = \dfrac{{2P}}{{4\pi R_A^2}} \hfill \\{I_M} = \dfrac{{(x + 2)P}}{{4\pi R_M^2}} \hfill \\\end{gathered}  \right. \to \frac{{{I_A}}}{{{I_M}}} = \dfrac{2}{{x + 2}}\frac{{R_M^2}}{{R_A^2}} = \dfrac{2}{{x + 2}}\dfrac{{{{(\dfrac{{3\sqrt {21} }}{2})}^2}}}{{{{(3\sqrt 3 )}^2}}} = 0,1\hfill \\\to x = 33 \hfill \\\end{gathered} $