Giải SGK, SBT Unit 8. Ecology and the Environment iLearn Smart World

Giải SGK, SBT Unit 8 iLearn Smart World

64 câu hỏi
Tự luận
Câu 19 :

a. Read the article and choose the best title.

(Đọc bài viết và chọn tiêu đề tốt nhất.)

1. What would happen if we all stopped eating meat?

(Điều gì sẽ xảy ra nếu tất cả chúng ta ngừng ăn thịt?)

2. Why are people eating less meat?

(Tại sao mọi người ăn ít thịt?)

Saving the environment doesn't have to be expensive. You don't need to buy an electric car - just change your diet! Here are some of the biggest benefits of choosing a plant-based diet: 

We would reduce greenhouse gases.

According to the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), farmed livestock produces 14.5% of the world's greenhouse gases. If we all ate plant-based diets, we would reduce food-related greenhouse gases by 70% by 2050.*

We would save water.

Farming takes up about 70% of all freshwater use and nearly one-third of that is for livestock.** Do you know how much water is used to produce just one kilogram of beef? Over 15,000 liters! Beans, on the other hand, need about 4,000 liters per kilogram and vegetables need just over 300 liters on average. ***

We would save forests and wild animals.

In many parts of the world, forests are being cut down to make land for farming. Deforestation leads to many problems, but the most obvious one is that wild animals lose their homes. According to FAO, of all the land we use for farming, 77% is used for livestock, including the land we use to grow their food **. If we ate less meat and planted more food for humans, we would have more land for forests and wild animals.

Eating less meat is one of the best ways to reduce your impact on the planet. If you start eating more plant-based foods, you might even like vegetables more than meat!

* according to a study in the journal Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)

** according to Humane Society International

*** according to The Water Footprint Network

Câu 47 :

b. Write First Conditional sentences.

(Viết câu điều kiện loại 1.)

1. We don’t recycle more plastic. The environment isn’t better.

(Chúng tôi không tái chế nhiều nhựa hơn. Môi trường không tốt hơn.)

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2. Many students don’t bring their own water bottles. We won’t reduce plastic pollution.

(Nhiều học sinh không mang theo chai nước của mình. Chúng tôi sẽ không làm giảm ô nhiễm nhựa.)

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3. People don’t reuse plastic bags. There are many plastic bags in rivers and oceans.

(Mọi người không tái sử dụng túi nhựa. Có rất nhiều túi ni lông ở sông và đại dương.)

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4. There’s lots of plastic trash in our school. Many students use single-use plastic.

(Có rất nhiều thùng rác nhựa trong trường học của chúng tôi. Nhiều học sinh sử dụng đồ nhựa dùng một lần.)

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5. Many students don’t turn off the lights when they leave. We use lots of electricity.

(Nhiều sinh viên không tắt đèn khi họ rời đi. Chúng tôi sử dụng rất nhiều điện.)

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6. There aren’t many trees in our school. It feels very hot in the summer.

(Không có nhiều cây trong trường học của chúng tôi. Cảm giác rất nóng vào mùa hè.)

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Câu 51 :

a. Read the article quickly and choose what’s discussed in the article.

(Đọc nhanh bài viết và chọn nội dung được thảo luận trong bài viết.)

1. The benefits of replacing plastic with other materials

2. The problems we might have when trying to ban plastic

Would Banning Plastic Help the Environment?

First, let’s talk about why we might want to ban plastic. Most plastic products will remain on Earth for hundreds of years, and we produce about 380 million tons of plastic every year. Only 9% is recycled, and the rest ends up in landfills, and oceans.*

Plastic pollution is one of our most serious problems, and many countries are thinking about banning plastic, especially single-use packaging. However, it would be impossible to ban plastic completely. The truth is, plastic is everywhere. Without plastic, you would need to buy water, milk, etc. in glass bottles or cartons. Your meat and fish would be wrapped in paper or leaves. Lots of food wouldn’t remain fresh for as long as when they’re wrapped in plastic, and we might waste more food. And while glass and paper can be recycled many times, we need lots of energy to produce them.

What about plastic that can be composted? If they can be composted, they should be better for the environment, right? Not really. This type of plastic can only be composted in industrial conditions. You can’t do it in your backyard!

So, the answer is, if we just replaced plastic with other materials and never reused them, it wouldn’t be much better for the environment. The best solution is to reuse everything as many times as possible and reduce our dependence on plastic.

*according to Plastic Oceans

Câu 54 :

b. Write First or Second Conditional sentences.

(Viết câu điều kiện thứ nhất hoặc thứ hai.)

1. We want to ban plastic, but it’s impossible. Banning plastic will reduce pollution.

(Chúng tôi muốn cấm đồ nhựa, nhưng không thể. Cấm nhựa sẽ giảm ô nhiễm.)

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2. There are no recycling bins, so we can’t recycle plastic now. We are going to put some around the school.

(Không có thùng tái chế, vì vậy chúng tôi không thể tái chế nhựa bây giờ. Chúng tôi sẽ đặt một số xung quanh trường.)

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3. Livestock farming is the main cause of deforestation, but we can’t stop raising livestock.

(Chăn nuôi gia súc là nguyên nhân chính gây ra nạn phá rừng, nhưng chúng ta không thể ngừng chăn nuôi.)

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4. I’m not a scientist. I want to make a machine that can turn plastic to energy.

(Tôi không phải là nhà khoa học. Tôi muốn chế tạo một chiếc máy có thể biến nhựa thành năng lượng.)

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5. We have many landfills. A lot of the trash can be recycled.

(Chúng tôi có nhiều bãi rác. Rất nhiều thùng rác được tái chế.)

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6. People litter and don’t reuse or recycle plastic enough. That makes the ocean polluted.

(Mọi người xả rác và không tái sử dụng hoặc tái chế nhựa đủ. Điều đó làm cho đại dương bị ô nhiễm.)

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Câu 58 :

a. Read Paul’s essay and answer the questions.

(Đọc bài luận của Paul và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. In which paragraph did Paul mention the water pollution effect?

2. Did he give any suggestions to solve pollution?

A. Water pollution is a serious environmental problem because it affects not only human lives but also the natural habitats of animals and plants.
B. Water pollution includes the pollution in lakes, rivers, oceans, or underground water. Pollutants from households, factories, and farms are the three main causes for water pollution. This is because these places are usually located quite near the water sources. Wastewater from homes runs into lakes or rivers. The polluted water in lakes affects the underground water which turns into drinking water later. Wastewater from industry and farming also harms the environment if their wastewater treatment system is not sufficient. Water from lakes and rivers carry the pollutants to oceans, and this kills sea animals and plants.
C. One effective solution to deal with this issue is to reduce the amount of waste in water. People should not pour fat or oil from cooking directly into the sink. They should have a jar or a bottle to collect this waste. We should also only use washing machines or dishwashers when they are full to save water and cleaning liquid. The government can help by checking and evaluating the wastewater treatment system of factories and farms. Waste and chemicals should be removed before water runs into the environment and causes damage.
D. In conclusion, water pollution is harmful to the health of people as well as the natural environment. In order to solve this issue, action should be taken by both people and the government.
Câu 64 :

For each question, choose the correct answer.
(Đối với mỗi câu hỏi, hãy chọn câu trả lời đúng.)

How to help improve local environment

There are many things people can do to improve their local environment. Families should make sure that glass, paper, and other recyclables are put into the right bins for recycling. If your neighborhood doesn’t have a recycling program, ask your mayor to start one. It’d be easier for everyone to recycle their trash if there were drop-off locations near their house or if they could leave their trash outside for pickup. Stores can also help solve environmental problems. They should stop giving single-use plastic bags to their customers and sell reusable bags. If people had to buy reusable bags, they would start to bring their own bags. Stores should also use less packaging for food items. Lots of fruit and vegetables don’t need to be wrapped in plastic. Schools and businesses should try to use less electricity because electrical power plants can cause a lot of pollution. Use fans and open windows when you can to save electricity. Or try to set the air conditioner temperature to around 24-27 degrees Celsius and not too low like 18 degrees. Everyone will still feel comfortable, and the air conditioners won’t use as much electricity. Schools should stop selling plastic bottles in their cafeterias and ask students to bring reusable bottles. Teachers can organize clean-ups around the school or in parks. Students should bring reusable water bottles to school and try to use less paper.
1. Families should …
A. start recycling programs in their neighborhoods.
B. recycle their household trash.
C. leave their glass and paper outside for recycling.
2. How can stores help make the environment better?
A. ask their customers to bring their own bags
B. make their customers pay for plastic bags
C. reduce food packaging
3. What can schools and businesses do to save electricity?
A. use air conditioners at a higher temperature
B. open windows and only use fans
C. use air conditioners at between 18 and 27 degrees
4. What should schools do to help the environment?
A. give lessons about the local environment

B. encourage students to use their own bottles
C. ask teachers and students to clean up parks
5. What would be the best conclusion for this article?
A. Environmental issues are one of the biggest problems we face today.
B. Recycling is the best way to improve things.
C. If we all do our best to improve things, the local environment will be cleaner and less polluted.