Giải SGK, SBT Unit 3. Global warming and Ecological systems Bright

1. Listen and repeat.

(Nghe và lặp lại.)

2. Complete the statements with the words (1-6) from Exercise 1. Then listen and check.

(Hoàn thành các câu với các từ (1-6) từ Bài tập 1. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra.)

1. Temperatures in the Sahara _________ can reach 58°C.

2. A(n) _________ is neither water nor land but a mix of both.

3. Some areas of the _________ are 10,000 metres deep.

4. Over half of the world's animal species live in the _________.

5. Plants grow in a(n) _________ because sunlight reaches the bottom.

6. Grass in the southern _________ can grow over 2 metres tall.

3. Listen and mark the stressed syllable. Then listen again and repeat. Practise saying them with a partner.

(Nghe và đánh dấu âm tiết nhấn mạnh. Hãy nghe và nhắc lại. Thực hành nói chúng với bạn của em.)

4. Listen and match the speakers (A-C) to the ecosystems (1-6) in Exercise 1. What ecosystems are they talking about?

(Nghe và nối những người nói (A-C) với các hệ sinh thái (1-6) trong Bài tập 1. Họ đang nói về những hệ sinh thái nào?)

Speaker A _____                   

Speaker B _____                    

Speaker C _____

5. Which ecosystems in Exercise 1 exist/don’t exist in your country? Which one have you been to? Tell your partner.

(Những hệ sinh thái nào trong Bài tập 1 tồn tại/không tồn tại ở quốc gia của bạn? Bạn đã từng đến cái nào? Nói với đối tác của bạn.)

1. Read the title and look at the picture. What do you think the text is about? Listen/Watch and read to find out.

(Đọc tiêu đề và nhìn vào hình ảnh. Bạn nghĩ văn bản nói về điều gì? Nghe/Xem và đọc để tìm hiểu.)

RUNNING OUT OF TIME …

From melting arctic ice caps to forest fires, global warming is heating up the planet and damaging the Earth's ecosystems. Global warming is the rise of the Earth's temperatures caused by an increase of CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions. Global warming has increased very much in the past 100 years because people are using more and more electricity and driving more cars. We are also cutting down more trees that clean the air.

Scientists have been studying the effects of global warming on different ecosystems for a long time and what they have found is quite worrying. The rising temperatures have caused many problems in ecosystems. Arctic ice is melting, causing sea levels to rise and floods in seaside areas. As a result, animals and plants are losing their homes. As oceans and rivers become warmer, the water temperatures keep changing. Some marine animals cannot live in these new conditions. Since the 1970s, populations of fish in lakes and rivers have decreased by 76 percent.

Global warming is also causing extreme weather events. Other ecosystems, like deserts and grasslands, are experiencing terrible droughts and certain wildlife and plant species that depend on water are dying. Due to the high temperatures, wildfires are destroying whole ecosystems such as forests. There has been a serious rise in endangered species in recent years that could result in many animals becoming extinct. The loss of plants and animals causes problems for all living things in an ecosystem. We need to take action to stop global warming and save the Earth's ecosystems before it's too late.

2. Read the text. Complete each sentence with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.

(Đọc văn bản. Hoàn thành mỗi câu với KHÔNG QUÁ 3 TỪ.)

1. People are driving more and using more electricity in the ___________ .

2. Because of rising sea levels, animals and plants are ___________ .

3. Terrible droughts are happening in ___________ .

4. Many animals could become extinct because of a rise in ___________ .

3. Read the text again and identify the author’s purpose. Choose the best answer.

(Đọc lại văn bản và xác định mục đích của tác giả. Hãy chọn đáp án đúng nhất.)

The author’s purpose is to …

(Mục đích của tác giả là để ...)

A. explain the effects of global warming on ecosystems.

(giải thích tác động của sự nóng lên toàn cầu đối với các hệ sinh thái.)

B. inform us about what needs to be done to stop global warming.

(thông báo cho chúng ta về những gì cần phải làm để ngăn chặn sự nóng lên toàn cầu.)

C. tell us about animals affected by global warming.

(cho chúng ta biết về động vật bị ảnh hưởng bởi sự nóng lên toàn cầu.)

D. persuade us to help stop global warming.

(thuyết phục chúng tôi giúp ngăn chặn sự nóng lên toàn cầu.)

4. Complete the newspaper headlines (1-8) with Hurricane, Ice Caps, Floods, Heatwave, Wildfire, Sea Levels, Drought and Landslide. Then listen and check.

(Hoàn thành các tiêu đề báo (1-8) với Hurricane, Ice Caps, Floods, Heatwave, Wildfire, Sea Levels, Drought và Landslide. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra.)

5. Think. Which effects of global warming in Exercise 4 has your country experienced? Discuss with your partner.

(Nước bạn đã trải qua những ảnh hưởng nào của sự nóng lên toàn cầu trong Bài tập 4? Thảo luận với bạn của bạn.)

6. Write five sentences about the effects of global warming on the world’s ecosystems.

(Viết năm câu về tác động của sự nóng lên toàn cầu đối với các hệ sinh thái trên thế giới.)

CULTURE SPOT

The VACB (vườn-ao-chuồng-biogas) model is a Vietnamese farming practice in which farmers grow crops, produce fish, raise farm animals and use biogas plants. These aspects work together to create a production cycle with almost no waste, helping to reduce the effects of environmental issues like global warming.

(Mô hình VACB (vườn-ao-chuồng-biogas) là một phương thức canh tác của Việt Nam, trong đó nông dân trồng trọt, chăn nuôi thủy sản, chăn nuôi gia súc và sử dụng công trình khí sinh học. Các khía cạnh này kết hợp với nhau để tạo ra một chu kỳ sản xuất hầu như không có chất thải, giúp giảm tác động của các vấn đề môi trường như sự nóng lên toàn cầu.)

Do you know any other countries where people use a similar method?

(Bạn có biết bất kỳ quốc gia nào khác mà mọi người sử dụng một phương pháp tương tự không?)

Present Perfect (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)

1. Read the sentences (1-3) and match them to their uses (a-c).

(Đọc các câu (1-3) và nối chúng với mục đích sử dụng (a-c).)

1. _______ We have collected £500 in donations for flood victims so far.

2. _______ The city council has planted many trees in the park and it looks so beautiful now.

3. _______ This is the third time a heatwave has hit our town.

a. an action that started in the past and continues up to the present

b. a person's experience

c. a recent action that has a visible result in the present

2. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect.

(Đặt các từ trong ngoặc thành thì Hiện tại hoàn thành.)

1. A: The village pond looks so clean!

    B: That's because we __________ (just/remove) a lot of plastic waste from it.

2. A: __________ (Joe/finish) his essay about the effects of global warming yet?

    B: No, not yet. He's still collecting materials.

3. A: Look at all the damage from the hurricane.

    B: I know. Heavy rain __________ (destroy) many of the trees.

4. A: __________ (firefighters/put out) the wildfire?

    B: No, they __________ (not/stop) it yet. It is still burning.

5. A: How long __________ (you/study) extreme weather events?

    B: We __________ (start) it since 2002.

6. A: Did you enjoy helping the jungle conservation volunteer group?

    B: Yes. It's the first time I __________ (do) one and it was great.

7. A: There's another heatwave today!

    B: I know. Global warming __________ (change) the climate.

8. A: This is the second time we __________ (experience) heavy rain.

    B: Yes, I hope it will end soon.

3. Use the verbs save, help, visit, throw, not/repair and not/do in the correct forms of the Present Perfect to complete the sentences.

(Sử dụng các động từ save, help, visit, throw, not/repair và not/do ở dạng đúng của Thì hiện tại hoàn thành để hoàn thành các câu.)

1. The rescue team __________ hundreds of animals from the wildfires so far.

2. This is the first time Ben __________ the swamps in U Minh Thượng National Park, Vietnam.

3. The sea levels are rising. We __________ enough over the years to stop global warming.

4. The road is still closed. They __________ it since the last landslide.

5. How long __________ you __________ the glassland conservation group?

6. Who __________ the rubbish into the pond? It looks dirty now.

4. Rearrange the words to make complete sentences.

(Sắp xếp lại các từ để tạo thành câu hoàn chỉnh.)

1. They/the/cleaned/damage/have/the/flood/two/up/days. / from /for

=> They have cleaned up the damage from the flood for two days.

(Họ đã dọn dẹp thiệt hại do lũ lụt trong hai ngày.)

2. Ben/has/his/project/broken/join/leg,/about/in/he/Vietnam./can't/ecosystems/so/the

___________________________________

3. haven't/They/damage/the/repaired/the/from/so far./ hurricane

___________________________________

4. you/seen/the/Have/wildfires/documentary/in/USA?/the/about

___________________________________

5. scientists/the/causes/of/The/have/ice/caps/for/a/time./researched/melting/long

___________________________________

6. is/the/time/we/effects/of/have/weather/in class./This/third/discussed/extreme/the

___________________________________

Present Perfect & Past Simple

(Thì hiện tại hoàn thành & quá khứ đơn)

5. Choose the correct verb form.

(Chọn dạng động từ đúng.)

1. Melting ice caps has been/was one of the worst effects of global warming since the 1970s.

2. The wildfires in 2020 have put/put lots of local species in danger.

3. Kelly didn't collect/hasn't collected enough information for her report on wildfires in the USA yet.

4. The landslide has happened/happened two hours ago.

5. We need rain; the drought has damaged/ damaged the farm crops,

6. Some countries around the world have experienced/experienced terrible droughts last year.

7. A: Have you seen/Did you see the news? There was a big landslide a bit south of here yesterday!

    B: I know. The emergency services closed/ have closed some roads due to the damage.

8. A: When did you volunteer/have you volunteered with the Ocean Cleanup?

    B: About five years ago.

6. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect or the Past Simple.

(Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc Quá khứ đơn.)

Climate Change

• The Earth's temperature (1) __________ (increase) by 1°C over the past hundred years.

• Since 1870, sea levels (2) __________ (rise) by 20 cm.

• High temperatures (3) __________ (cause) wildfires in Australia 2019. The fires (4) __________ (destroy) 191,000 hectares of forest land.

• Many animals (5) __________ (become) extinct in recent years because of climate change.

• 195 countries (6) __________ (sign) the Paris Agreement in 2015 to reduce CO2 emissions.

7. Choose the option (A, B, C or D) to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

(Chọn phương án (A, B, C hoặc D) để chỉ ra câu gần nghĩa nhất với mỗi câu hỏi sau.)

1. We haven't explored the jungle for two years.

A. We often explored the jungle two years ago.

B. We last explored the jungle two years ago.

C. We have explored the jungle for two years.

D. We didn't explore the jungle for two years.

2. It's three months since I last experienced a heatwave.

A. I haven't experienced a heatwave for three months.

B. I didn't experience a heatwave three months ago.

C. The first time I experienced a heatwave was three months ago.

D. I have experienced a heatwave for three months.

3. They began studying the oceans in 2017.

A. They have studied the oceans since 2017.

B. They studied the oceans since 2017.

C. They last studied the oceans in 2017.

D. The last time they studied the oceans was in 2017.

8. What do you do to help reduce global warming/protect our ecosystems? Tell your partner ...

(Bạn làm gì để giúp giảm sự nóng lên toàn cầu/bảo vệ hệ sinh thái của chúng ta? Nói với đối tác của bạn ...)

• two things you have done/haven't done so far

(hai điều bạn đã làm/chưa làm cho đến nay)

• two things you did last year

(hai điều bạn đã làm năm ngoái)

I have saved energy at home.

(Tôi đã tiết kiệm năng lượng ở nhà.)

I haven't left the lights on when going out.

(Tôi đã không để đèn sáng khi đi ra ngoài.)

I took part in an ocean clean-up last summer.

(Tôi đã tham gia làm sạch đại dương vào mùa hè năm ngoái.)

1. a) You are going to listen to a dialogue between two friends. Read the statements (1-4) and underline the key words.

(Bạn sắp nghe một cuộc đối thoại giữa hai người bạn. Đọc các câu (1-4) và gạch dưới các từ khóa.)

1. Janie read about an environmental group during science class. ______

2. Janie says that most of the Earth's animals live in jungles. ______

3. Neil and Janie have volunteered with the same environmental group. ______

4. Neil sold environmentally-friendly items as a volunteer. ______

b) What do you think the dialogue is about?

(Bạn nghĩ đoạn hội thoại nói về cái gì?)

A. what Janie and Neil learned during science class

(những gì Janie và Neil học được trong lớp khoa học)

B. the ways that environmental groups raise money

(cách mà các nhóm môi trường gây quỹ)

C. the importance of protecting the environment

(tầm quan trọng của việc bảo vệ môi trường)

D. which environmental group to join

(nhóm môi trường để tham gia)

2. Listen to the dialogue and decide if each of the statements (1-4) is T (true) or F (false).

(Nghe đoạn hội thoại và quyết định xem mỗi câu (1-4) là T (đúng) hay F (sai).)

3. You are going to listen to a lecture about ecosystems. Read the questions and answer choices. Which of the answer choices do you think will be the right ones?

(Bạn sẽ nghe một bài giảng về hệ sinh thái. Đọc câu hỏi và trả lời các lựa chọn. Những lựa chọn trả lời nào bạn nghĩ sẽ là những lựa chọn đúng?)

1. What is Dr Cord's research about?

A. how scientists study the damage to ecosystems

B. how to repair the damage to ecosystems

C. the effects of human activities on ecosystems

D. how ecosystems are homes for life on Earth

2. Which activity does Dr Cord think is an easy solution to the environment problems?

A. planting more trees in the forests

B. cleaning up plastic in the oceans

C. building more farmlands

D. repairing ponds and rivers

3. What does Dr Cord believe is the best way to protect ecosystems?

A. a clean-up project

B. a global effort

C. a change in individual habits

D. a farmland protection plan

4. Now listen to the lecture. For questions (1-3), choose the best answer (A, B, C or D).

(Bây giờ nghe phần bài giảng. Đối với câu hỏi (1-3), chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D).)

Look at the picture. Circle the correct phrasal verb.

(Nhìn vào bức tranh. Khoanh tròn cụm động từ đúng.)

Dad: Jim, what are you doing?

Son: We have put off / put on doing something about global warming for too long. This should help.

1. a) Read the essay. What is it about?

(Đọc bài văn. Nó về cái gì?)

How to protect our ecosystems

A. Global warming and deforestation are destroying our valuable ecosystems and harming the animals and plants that live in them. There are many things we can do to stop these problems and protect the Earth's ecosystems.

B. Firstly, we must try to use only energy-saving products. For example, we should use electric cars and everyday products like refrigerators and televisions that are energy- saving. These products don't use a lot of electricity that produces greenhouse gases. In this way, we reduce greenhouse gas emissions that harm ecosystems.

C. Another way to protect our ecosystems is to plant trees. The more trees we have, the more we can cut down on the CO2 already in the air. By doing this, we reduce global warming and its harmful effects on the environment.

D. In conclusion, we can help protect our ecosystems by taking many important actions such as using energy- saving products and planting trees. Our actions can make a difference and make our planet a better place to live.

b) Read the essay again. Which paragraph in the essay...

(Đọc lại văn bản. Đoạn nào trong bài…)

1. contains the writer's first suggestion and expected result?

(chứa đề xuất đầu tiên và kết quả mong đợi của tác giả?)

2. summarises the main points?

(tóm tắt những ý chính?)          

3. states the topic?

(nêu lên chủ đề?)

4. contains the writer's second suggestion and expected result?

(chứa đề xuất thứ hai và kết quả mong đợi của tác giả?)

c) What are the introduction, main body, and conclusion in the essay?

(Đâu là phần mở đầu, nội dung chính và kết luận trong bài?)

d) What are the topic and supporting sentences in the body paragraphs?

(Những câu nào là câu chủ đề và câu bổ trợ trong đoạn thân bài?)

2. Match the suggestions (1-2) to the expected results (a-b). Then form topic and supporting sentences as in the example.

(Ghép các gợi ý (1-2) với kết quả mong đợi (a-b). Sau đó hình thành chủ đề và câu hỗ trợ như trong ví dụ.)

Reducing our carbon footprint 

(Giảm lượng khí thải carbon của chúng ta)

Suggestions (Những đề xuất)

1. ________ take a bus instead of a car (đi xe buýt thay vì ô tô)

2. ________ use reusable shopping bags (sử dụng túi mua sắm có thể tái sử dụng)

Expected results (Kết quả mong đợi)

a. reduce the use of plastic (giảm sử dụng túi ni lông)

b. produce less greenhouse gases per person (sản xuất ít khí nhà kính trên người)

Firstly, we must try to use more public transport. One useful suggestion is to encourage people to… In this way, we...

(Trước hết, chúng ta phải sử dụng phương tiện công cộng nhiều hơn. Một đề xuất hữu ích là khuyến khích mọi người... Bằng cách này, chúng ta...)

3. You are going to write an essay making suggestions about how to reduce our carbon footprint to protect our ecosystems. Answer the questions.

(Bạn sẽ viết một bài văn đưa ra các đề xuất về cách giảm lượng khí thải carbon để bảo vệ hệ sinh thái của chúng ta. Trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. What are you going to write?

(Bạn định viết gì?)

2. What solutions can you suggest?

(Bạn có thể đề xuất những giải pháp nào?)

3. What will the expected results be?

(Kết quả mong đợi sẽ như thế nào?)

4. Write your essay (about 150-180 words).

(Viết bài văn khoảng 150-180 từ.)

• Use the essay in Exercise 1 as a model.

(Sử dụng bài văn trong bài 1 làm mẫu.)

• Use the ideas in Exercise 2 and your answers in Exercise 3.

(Sử dụng ý tưởng trong bài 2 và các câu trả lời trong bài 3.)

• Use the plan below.

(Sử dụng kế hoạch dưới đây.)

1. Fill in each gap with desert, grassland, swamp, jungle, ponds or ocean.

(Điền vào mỗi khoảng trống với desert, grassland, swamp, jungle, ponds hoặc ocean.)

Hi everyone!

Here are some photos from my trip to amazing Vietnam!

Bạc Liêu City is famous for its shrimp 1) ______

Vietnam borders the biggest 2) ______ on Earth: the Pacific

Đồng Lâm 3) ______ is in Lang Son Province in Northern Vietnam. The locals call it the land of rainy and dry seasons. In the rainy season, it is flooded with water.

See the U Minh 4) ______ in the Mekong Delta in southwestern Vietnam.

The sand dunes of Mui Ne, which the locals call the "little 5) ______ " are quite unique.

Explore the 6) ______ on top of the limestone rocks in Ha Long Bay in Vietnam, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

1. *Choose the word that has a stress pattern different from the others. Then listen and check.

(Chọn từ có trọng âm khác với những từ còn lại. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra.)

1

A explore

B succeed

C receive

D province

2

A energy

B cyclist

C excellent

D condition

3

A discuss

B complete

C became

D northern

4

A heritage

B amazing

C electric

D recycle

** Say the words, record yourself and check if you pronounce them correctly.

(Nói các từ, tự ghi âm và kiểm tra xem bạn có phát âm đúng không.)

3. Read the text. Complete each sentence with NO MORE THAN FOUR WORDS AND/ OR A NUMBER.

(Đọc văn bản. Hoàn thành mỗi câu với KHÔNG QUÁ BỐN TỪ VÀ/HOẶC MỘT SỐ.)

1 Bristol is an old city that looks ___________________

2 Bristol became the UK's first European Green Capital in ___________________

3 Fifty-eight buses in Bristol use both electricity and ___________________

4 Bristol's ___________________ cover more than 180 km.

5 People in Bristol are always trying to make their city ___________________

4. Read the text again and answer the questions.

(Đọc văn bản một lần nữa và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1 How old is Bristol?

_____________________________________

2 How many bus trips do people make in Bristol each year?

_____________________________________

3 Where does the majority of Bristol's renewable energy come from?

_____________________________________

4 What do people in Bristol do with their household waste?

_____________________________________

5 How much of Bristol's land is green space?

_____________________________________

Effects of global warming

(Ảnh hưởng của sự nóng lên toàn cầu)

5. Choose the correct option.

(Chọn phương án đúng.)

1 Wildfires burn down/away forests.

2 Droughts destroy caps/crops.

3 Extreme/Heavy rain causes floods.

4 Rising sea levels affect seaside conditions/ areas.

5 Hurricanes cause heavy action/damage.

6 The effects/conditions of global warming are causing lots of problems.

7 We all need to take action/danger to slow down climate change.

8 The melting summer breaks/ ice caps are causing sea levels to rise.

6. Fill in each gap with wildfires, caps, floods, heatwaves, hurricanes, levels, droughts or landslides.

(Điền vào mỗi khoảng trống với wildfires, caps, floods, heatwaves, hurricanes, levels, droughts hoặc landslides.)

DID YOU KNOW?

Across the world, climates are changing due to global warming, this means that...

The polar ice 1) _________ are melting. Seals and polar bears that live in the polar regions are now at risk because their natural habitat is shrinking.

- Sea 2) _________ are rising. Places along the coast around the world are under the threat of more frequent. 3) _________ when it rains.

- Weather patterns around the world are changing. In many countries, there are more 4) _________ in the summer with 5) _________ leading to water shortages and 6) _________ and more rain in the winter. In some countries, extreme weather leads to

7) _________ and more rain leads to 8) _________

1. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect.

(Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Hiện tại hoàn thành.)

1 Mike and I ___________ (recycle) our rubbish for years.

2 The firefighters ___________ (not/put out) the fire yet.

3 Jim ___________ (install) solar panels in his house.

4 __________ (you/see) the documentary about wildfires in the USA?

5 We ___________ (plant) trees in our gardens and now our neighbourhood looks lovely.

6 Is this the first time Sam ___________ (visit) the swamps in U Minh, Vietnam?

7 They ___________(not/participate) in any clean-up projects.

8 The factory ___________ (pollute) the water in the river - just look at it!

2. Rearrange the words to make complete sentences.

(Sắp xếp lại các từ để tạo thành câu hoàn chỉnh.)

1 volunteers / park / in / The / flowers / the / planted / looks / have / it / and / beautiful.

2 Angela / article / Has / the / read / global / about / warming / yet?

3 year. / This / second / the / is / time / levels / risen / have / sea / this

4 Tom / experienced / hurricane / hasn't / a / before.

5 They / re-opened /roads / since / the / landslide. / haven't / the

6 How long / Jim / have / and / worked / John / environmental / this / for / group?

Present Perfect & Past Simple

(Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành & Quá Khứ Đơn)

3. Choose the correct option.

(Chọn phương án đúng.)

1 The wildfires have burnt/burnt down half the trees in the forest so far.

2 The heatwave has hit/hit this area twice last year.

3 Is this the first time you saw/have seen a penguin?

4 The hurricane in 2021 has caused/caused damage to the area and destroyed many homes.

4. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect or the Past Simple.

(Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Hiện tại Hoàn thành hoặc Thì Quá khứ Đơn.)

Hi Mark,

Guess what? I'm in New Zealand! 1) Have you ever visited (you/ever/visit) New Zealand? It's a beautiful place. I 2) ________ (arrive) here two weeks ago and explored the North Island and Rangipo Desert. I 3) ________ (learn) a lot about the geography of New Zealand. There are lots of volcanoes here, but luckily, I 4) ________ (not/see) any eruption yet! Earthquakes happen a lot, too, and I have felt a few, but they were only small ones.

I 5) ________ (leave) the North Island yesterday, and I 6) ________ (just/reach) Milford Sound on the South Island. It's pretty chilly here! I 7) ________ (not/climb) Mitre Peak yet, but I want to! I can see some penguins on the rocks, too - they're so cute! I 8) _______ (take) some great photos earlier. You  can check them out on my social media and let me know what you think.

Take care.

Rob

5. Form questions using the Past Simple and the Present Perfect. Then complete the short answers.

(Đặt câu hỏi dạng quá khứ đơn và hiện tại hoàn thành. Sau đó hoàn thành các câu trả lời ngắn.)

1 A: you / work / as / firefighter / for two years / so far?

Have you worked as a firefighter for two years so far?

(Tính đến nay bạn đã làm lính cứu hỏa được hai năm chưa?)

B: No, I haven't. I got the job three years ago.

(Không,. Tôi đã nhận được công việc ba năm trước đây.)

2 A: Max / clean / garden / yet?

____________________

B: Yes, ______. It looks great now.

3 A: scientists / study / extreme weather conditions / this area / last year?

____________________

B: Yes, ______. They're very concerned about it.

4 A: Sam and Tony / finish / their ecological project / yet?

B: No, ______. They should start soon.

5 A: your uncle / become / volunteer / in 2021?

B: Yes, ______. He loves volunteering.

1. Two friends are talking about a school event. Listen and decide if each of the statements (1-5) is T (True) or F (False).

(Hai người bạn đang nói về một sự kiện ở trường. Nghe và quyết định xem mỗi câu (1-5) là T (Đúng) hay F (Sai).)

1 The speakers have organised the event themselves. ________

2 The event will raise money to plant new trees after wildfires and landslides. ________

3 We need plant life to help to repair the flood damage. ________

4 People will be able to buy things at the event. ________

5 The guest speaker will talk about their work. ________

2. Listen to a lecture about forest fires in Australia. For questions (1-4), choose the best answer (A, B, C or D).

(Nghe bài giảng về cháy rừng ở Australia. Đối với câu hỏi (1-4), chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D).)

1 What was different about the forest fire in Australia in 2019-2020?

A It happened at a different time of year than usual.

B It was the first forest fire for some time.

C It caused more damage than any other forest fire.

D It burned longer than any other fire before.

2 How many people died in the fire?

A 34

B 240

C 1.5 billion

D 57

3 What was the final factor that caused the wildfire in January 2020?

A high temperatures

B low rainfall

C dry weather

D strong winds

4 What did scientists find in 2020?

A Why Australia gets more forest fires than other countries.

B What caused the 2019-2020 fire in Australia.

C How climate change is affecting forest fires.

D How the temperature has changed in Australia since 1910.

Phương pháp

Bài nghe

Forest fires have always occurred in Australia. High temperatures and low rainfall from September to March creates the perfect conditions for fires to start and spread. However, the 2019 to 2020 fire season was much worse than it has ever been before. The fires began in July 2019 and burned for 240 days. At least 34 people and about 1.5 billion animals died. The flames and the smoke had a direct impact on 57% of the population of Australia. 2019 was the hottest and driest in Australia since records began in 1910. When temperatures are high, then trees, grass and other plants are very dry, so fires will start more easily. Also, strong winds reaching 130 kilometers per hour can cause fast moving wildfires. How did the fires happen? In 2020, a team of 18 experts from six countries carried out an investigation. They found that climate change increased the risk of forest fires in Australia in 2019 to 2020 by at least 30%. Unless we do something about climate change soon, major forest fires will continue to happen, and not just in Australia. Similar fires occurred in the USA, Russia and the Amazon in 2019 and 2020. Climate change is a global problem, and we must do whatever we can to slow it down. By going green, we can make small changes that can make a big difference for the future of our planet.

1. a) Match the words in the two columns.

(a) Nối các từ trong hai cột.)

b) Use the phrases in Exercise 1a to fill in the gaps and/or choose the correct verb.

(Sử dụng các cụm từ trong Bài tập 1a để điền vào chỗ trống và/hoặc chọn động từ đúng.)

EARTH DAY

Hi everyone!

Today is Earth Day, so let's all try our best to reduce our carbon footprint as much as we can and keep it as low as possible. Are you stuck for ideas of what to do? Then let me help. Here are some steps you can take and can start right away!

• 1) Recycle/Use rubbish - put paper, glass, aluminium and plastic in the right bins.

• 2) Don't get rid of/Use _____________ - put leftover food in the freezer for another meal or put it in the compost bin.

• 3) Use/Recycle less electricity - turn off lights and devices when you aren't using them. • 4) Drink from _____________ to cut down on plastic waste.

• 5) Shop with your own _____________ that you can reuse over and over again.

• 6) Get/Drive a(n) _____________ or take the bus or cycle everywhere.

• 7) Use/Shop _____________ appliances to save energy.

• 8) Get rid of/Eat your own_____________ after growing it in your garden or on your balcony.

Hope this helps. Let me know your ideas in the comments.

2. Rearrange the sentences to make a complete dialogue.

(Sắp xếp lại các câu để tạo thành một đoạn hội thoại hoàn chỉnh.)

☐ I suppose you are right. Let's write down our ideas.

☐ Let's discuss how to make our school greener.

☐ I'm not sure about that. They would cost a lot of money. Perhaps we could switch off all the computers when they are not in use.

☐ Right. We should replace light bulbs with energy-efficient ones.

☐ Sure!

☐ OK. We could also install solar panels on the roof. That would give us clean energy.

3. *Mark the sentences with the correct intonation. Then listen and check.

(Đánh dấu các câu với ngữ điệu chính xác. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra.)

1 How about installing solar panels?

2 Why not use energy-efficient bulbs?

3 Let's discuss how to make our school greener.

4 Why don't we switch off all the computers when they are not in use?

**Say these sentences, record yourself and check if you say them correctly.

(Nói những câu này, ghi âm lại và kiểm tra xem bạn nói đúng chưa.)

1. Read the essay and put the paragraphs (A-D) in the correct order.

(Đọc bài luận và sắp xếp các đoạn văn (A-D) theo đúng thứ tự.)

How to make our cities greener

A In condusion, we can make our cities greener by reducing air pollution and creating green spaces. This makes them more pleasant to live in and it will also help cut global warming.

B Firstly, we must try to cut down on pollution. For example, we should use electric cars and public transport or bicycles to get around. In this way, we reduce road traffic and car fumes as well as greenhouse gas emissions that cause air pollution.

C Pollution and global warming are serious problems. We can reduce both of them not only at home but also in the cities where we live by making them greener. There are many things we can do.

D Another way to make our cities greener is to make more green spaces. The more parks and trees we have, the more we can reduce the CO2in the air. By planting trees and creating parks, we make the air cleaner and reduce global warming.

2. Complete the table with information from the essay in Exercise 1.

(Hoàn thành bảng với thông tin từ bài luận trong Bài tập 1.)

3. a) * Find the phrases from the essay in Exercise 1 and put them under the correct headings.

(Tìm các cụm từ từ bài luận trong Bài tập 1 và đặt chúng dưới các tiêu đề chính xác.)

b) * Put the phrases below in the correct headings in Exercise 3.

(Đặt các cụm từ dưới đây vào các tiêu đề chính xác trong Bài tập 3.)

• One more suggestion

• It's a good idea

• As a result

• By doing this

• We could

4. *Match the suggestions (1-2) to the expected results (a-b). Then form topic and supporting sentences as in the example.

(Ghép các gợi ý (1-2) với kết quả mong đợi (a-b). Sau đó hình thành chủ đề và câu hỗ trợ như trong ví dụ.)

How to make our SCHOOL GREENER

Suggestions

1 encourage the school to provide recycling and composting facilities

2 turn off lights when not in use and fit energy-efficient light bulbs

Expected results

A electricity use will drop dramatically

B less waste will go into ordinary bins

Ex: First, we need to stop throwing away so much rubbish. We can encourage the school to….. In this way,…

(Đầu tiên, chúng ta cần ngừng vứt bỏ quá nhiều rác. Chúng ta có thể khuyến khích nhà trường….. Bằng cách này,…)

5. Write an essay making suggestions about how to make our school greener (about 150-180 words).

(Viết một bài văn đưa ra đề xuất về cách làm cho trường học của chúng ta xanh hơn (khoảng 150-180 từ).)

Plan

Introduction

(Paragraph 1) stating the topic

Main body

(Paragraph 2) writing your first suggestion and reason/expected result(s)

(Paragraph 3) writing your second suggestion and reason/expected result(s)

Conclusion

(Paragraph 4) summarising the main points

Phương pháp