Câu hỏi
Cho tam giác \(ABC\) có \(A\left( {3;\,\,4} \right),{\rm{ }}B\left( {2;\,\,1} \right),{\rm{ }}C\left( { - 1; - 2} \right)\). Tìm điểm \(M\) trên đường thẳng \(BC\) sao cho \({S_{ABC}} = 3{S_{ABM}}\).
- A \({M_1}\left( {1;2} \right),\,\,{M_2}\left( {4;2} \right)\)
- B \({M_1}\left( { - 1;2} \right),\,\,{M_2}\left( { - 3; - 2} \right)\)
- C \({M_1}\left( { - 1;2} \right),\,\,{M_2}\left( { - 3; - 2} \right)\)
- D \({M_1}\left( {1;0} \right),\,\,{M_2}\left( {3;2} \right)\)
Phương pháp giải:
\({S_{ABC}} = 3{S_{ABM}} \Leftrightarrow BC = 3BM \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {BC} = \pm 3\overrightarrow {BM} \)
Lời giải chi tiết:
Ta có: \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}\overrightarrow u = \left( {6 - 3x;\,\,4 - 2x} \right) + \left( { - 9 - 3y;\,\,3 + y} \right) = \left( { - 3x - 3y - 3; - 2x + y + 7} \right)\\x\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b = \left( {3x - 3;2x + 1} \right)\\\,\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b = \left( {0;\,\,3} \right)\end{array} \right..\)
\(\overrightarrow u \) cùng phương với \(x\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b \) và \(\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b \Leftrightarrow \exists \,\,k,\,\,l\,\,\left( {k,\,\,l \ne 0} \right)\) sao cho \(\overrightarrow u = k\left( {x\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b } \right),\,\,\overrightarrow u = l\left( {\overrightarrow a + \overrightarrow b } \right)\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{ - 3x - 3y - 3 = k\left( {3x - 3} \right)}\\{ - 2x + y + 7 = k\left( {2x + 1} \right)}\\{ - 3x - 3y - 3 = 0}\\{ - 2x + y + 7 = 3l}\end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}\left( {k + 1} \right)x + y = k - 1\\\left( {2k + 2} \right)x - y = 7 - k\\x + y = - 1\\2x - y = 7 - 3l\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}\left( {3k + 3} \right)x = 6\\\left( {2k + 3} \right)x = 6 - k\\x + y = - 1\\y = 2x - 7 + 3l\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}\left( {k + 1} \right)x = 2\\kx = k\\x + y = - 1\\y = 2x - 7 + 3l\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}x = 1\\y = - 2\\\left( {k + 1} \right)x = 2\\y = 2x - 7 + 3l\end{array} \right.\end{array}\)
Vậy \(\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{x = 1}\\{y = - 2}\end{array}} \right.\) thỏa mãn yêu cầu bài toán.
Chọn D.