4. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one. Use the word in bold.

(Hoàn thành câu thứ hai sao cho nghĩa không đổi so với câu thứ nhất. Dùng các từ in đậm.)

1. He last got a promotion five years ago. FOR

→ He hasn’t ______________________________.

2. John applied to three different companies, and finally he had an interview. BEFORE

→ John __________________________________.

3. While I was talking on the phone, I saw Marking leaving the office in a hurry. WHEN

→ I _____________________________________.

4. Jack started working here in 2015 and he still enjoys it up till now. SINCE

→ Jack __________________________________.

Choose the best answer.

He __________ her before.

Choose the best answer

There _______________ a lot of changes in Vietnam since the 1990s.

Choose the best answer

It _______________ him almost 1 hour to go to school by bus every day.

Choose the best answer

Her hometown _______________ a lot of hills and mountains.

Choose the best answer

My dog _______________ my cat since I came home.

Choose the best answer.

I fell asleep while I _______________ my homework last night.

Present perfect (review and extension)

(Thì hiện tại hoàn thành – ôn tập và mở rộng)

1. Circle the underlined part that is incorrect in each of the following sentences. Then correct it.

(Hãy khoanh tròn phần gạch chân sai trong mỗi câu sau. Sau đó sửa nó.)

1. This is the (A) first time I (B) saw such (C) a fall building (D) in my life.

2. Mount Fuji (A) in Japan is the (B) most beautiful place we (C) had ever (D) visited.

3. This (A) has been the second time my mother (B) has warned me not (C) to spend all my money (D) on clothes.

Choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D.

(Chọn câu trả lời đúng A, B, C hoặc D.)

1. This is the best experience I ________ in this city.

A. have had                

B. have                       

C. had             

D. will have

2. That is the second house they ________ this year.

A. buy            

B. have bought           

C. bought       

D. had bought

3. The more we use private vehicles, ________ polluted the air becomes.

A. less and less          

B. the less                  

C. the more    

D. more and more

4. Life in rural areas is becoming ________ difficult for farmers because of falling prices of vegetables and argricultural products.

A. less and less          

B. fewer and fewer    

C. more and less

D. more and more

1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer.

(Đánh dấu chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra câu trả lời đúng.)

1. This is the first time I ________ on the Ha Noi Metro.

A. have travelled

B. will travel

C. travel

D. travelled

2. The ________ serious the air pollution in the city is becoming, the ________ its negative impact is on people's life there.

A. less … more

B. more … bigger

C. fewer ... fewer

D. more … less

3. ________ people now tend to move to big cities to look for better job opportunities.

A. More and less

B. Less and less

C. More and more

D. Fewer and fewer

4. My grandparents don't want to live in the city ________ they don't like the crowded streets and the traffic jams.

A. although

B. because

C. moreover

D. if

5. The increasing number of private cars causes traffic jams; ________, it is also the main reason for air pollution in big cities.

A. as a result

B. on the other hand

C. so that

D. moreover

6. Local authorities have improved the frequency of public transport ________ more people will find it convenient to use.

A. so that

B. not only

C. such that

D. neither

4 Complete the text with the verbs in brackets. Use the correct tense from the two Learn this! boxes. 

(Hoàn thành đoạn văn với động từ trong ngoặc. Sử dụng đúng thì từ hai khung Learn this!)

I ¹_____ just (receive) an email from my cousin Carl. I ²_____ (not see) him since he ³_____  (get) married last summer. We all ⁴_____(go) to the wedding. It ⁵_____ (be) great fun. I ⁶_____ (not go) to a wedding before. Anyway,  he and Sally ⁷_____ (be) married for about nine months from now. They ⁷_____ (live) in London since  the marriage. According to Carl, Sally ⁹_____ (work) really hard and her boss ¹⁰_____ (offer) her a  job in the Paris office. That's great news. She's going to accept it. She ¹¹_____ (learn) French while she ¹²_____ (live) in France in the 1990s, so she'll have no problem settling in there. 

a.     Read about the Present Perfect (Active and Passive), then fill in the blanks.

(Đọc về thì Hiện tại hoàn thành (Chủ động và Bị động), sau đó điền vào chỗ trống.)

How many new apartment buildings (1) _______  they __________in the last ten years?

35 new apartment buildings (2) _______

b.     Listen and check. Listen again and repeat

(Nghe và kiểm tra. Nghe lại và lặp lại)

c.     Circle the correct words.

(Khoanh vào từ đúng)

1. How long have/has you lived in the city for?

2. Has your town been/was changed by urbanization?

 3. The city's land area have/has grown by 30 km2 in two years.

4. The city's population density has increase/increased by 10%.

5. How many new houses have been build/built?

6. Thousands of people have come/came here looking for opportunities.

7.A new apartment building have/has been built in my neighborhood. 

d. Write sentences in the Present Perfect using the prompts.

(Viết câu ở thì Hiện tại hoàn thành sử dụng gợi ý.)

1. last ten years/5 million migrants/arrive/city.

2. government/build 35 new apartment buildings/2005.

3. housing/this city/really improve/recently.

4. how many people/leave/the city/so far this year?

5. power grid/be/improve/yet?

6. city/have/three different mayors/last two years. 

e.     In pairs: Make Present Perfect statements and questions using the prompts. Some sentences are in passive voice.

(Theo cặp: Đặt câu trần thuật và câu hỏi ở Hiện tại Hoàn thành sử dụng gợi ý. Một số câu ở thể bị động.)

• lots of migrants/come/city/last ten years

• how much/population density/increase?

• power grid/upgrade/this year

• population/increase?

• land area/double in size/last 100 years

• what/they/work on/city/recently?
Lots of migrants have come to the city in the last ten years.

(Rất nhiều người di cư đã đến thành phố trong mười năm qua.)

a.     Rewrite the sentences to keep the same meaning using the words in brackets.

(Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi, sử dụng từ trong ngoặc.)

1. The last time I read a magazine was eight years ago. (for)

(Lần cuối cùng tôi đọc tạp chí là cách đây 8 năm. (trong))

2. Air quality improved between the time the new laws came into effect and now. (since)

(Chất lượng không khí được cải thiện từ thời điểm luật mới có hiệu lực đến nay. (từ))

3. The city should build new apartments to reduce overcrowding. (get, built)

(Thành phố nên xây dựng chung cư mới để giảm tình trạng quá tải. (có được, được xây dựng))

Present Perfect (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)

1. Put the verbs in the brackets (1-5) into the Present Perfect. Then match them to their uses (a-e).

(Chia các động từ trong ngoặc (1-5) ở dạng hiện tại hoàn thành. Sau đó nối chúng với các cách dùng (a-e).)

1. ___ I am exhausted because I _____ (work) a long shift.

2. ___ Stephen _____ (just/return) from his company's headquarters.

3. ___ This is the first time Oliver _____ (attend) a job interview. He _____ (never/apply) for a job before.

4. ___ We _____ (work) on this project this month. It's such a large project that we _____ (not/finish) yet.

5. ___ Kevin _____ (work) for this company since he was a young man. He _____ (devote) himself to the company for the last twenty years.

a. a person's experience

b. a recent action that has a visible result in the present

c. an action that has just happened in the recent past and the time is not stated

d. an action that started in the past and continues up to the present

e. an action that has happened in a period of time but is not completed.

2. Choose the correct verbs in the list to complete the sentences. Put them into the Present Perfect.

(Chọn đúng động từ trong danh sách để hoàn thành các câu sau. Chia chúng ở dạng hiện tại hoàn thành.)

• travel • work  • not/find • have  • not/decide • spend

1. Mark is very tired because he _____ lots of time revising the sales report.

2. Eric _____ a job yet.

3. Fiona and Tina _____ at this company for nearly a decade.

4. _____ Vicky ever _____ abroad for work?

5. My friend and I _____ whether to start a business together or not.

6. I _____ a lot of meetings with clients this month.

3. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one. Use the word in bold and the Present Perfect.

(Hoàn thành câu thứ hai sao cho giống nghĩa với câu thứ nhất. Dùng các từ in đậm và thì hiện tại hoàn thành.)

1 Vi is still working on the project. (YET)

Vi has not finished working on the project yet.

2 This is the first time I've gone on a business trip by plane. (BEFORE)

I have _________________________________________________.

3. It's been two years since the last time they met their former boss. (FOR)

They haven't ______________________________________________. 

4. I am 30 now and I have worked as an air traffic controller since I was 22. (FOR)

I have ________________________________________________________.

5. Elena attended a sales conference in June and December this year. (TWICE)

Elena has ______________________________________________________.

4. Make complete sentences using the prompts and the Present Perfect.

(Hoàn thành các câu sau dùng gợi ý và thì hiện tại hoàn thành.)

1. Julie and Susan / be / colleagues / years.

2. I/ not speak / Paul / since / he / move/ new company.

3. This is/ second time / An /get / pay / rise.

4. I / be / many / interviews / my career.

5. they / arrange / a staff meeting / next week / yet?

6. Jack / change / job / twice / this year.

7. How many customers / we / serve / today?

8. Cindy is happy / because / she / just / receive / job promotion.

5. Make sentences about yourself using these time words.

(Viết các câu về bản thân bạn dùng các từ chỉ thời gian sau.)

• already • yet • just • ever • before • never • so far • since • for • recently

I have already finished my work project.

(Tôi đã hoàn thành dự án công việc của mình.)

1. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect.

(Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở dạng hiện tại hoàn thành.)

1. It is the first time John _____ (work) overtime.

2. Peter has been in the new conference room for twenty minutes but no one _____ (show up) for the meeting yet.

3. Look. It's so neat because John _____ (clean up) his office.

4. _____ (Henry/be) on several business trips since he worked for your company?

5. The secretary _____ (type) two letters so far today.

6. Larry _____ (be) a manager at this store for years. 

3. Rearrange the words to make complete sentences.

(Sắp xếp các từ sau thành một câu hoàn chỉnh.)

1. Jamie / yet. / arranged / a / staff meeting / hasn't  

2. bank / The/ manager/ decided/ has/ to hire/ new / two/ employees.  

3. met / The/ web developer/ her/ has / client / new / times. / several 

4. Is / this / time / first / the / promotion? / Oliver / received / a / has  

5. Tom / upset / is / has / he / just / because / his desk. / spilled / coffee / on  

6. has / Maggie / finished / projects / two / work / at / so far / this week.

1. Choose the option (A, B, C or D) to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to the given one.

(Chọn đáp án (A, B, C hoặc D) để chỉ ra câu có nghĩa gần nhất với câu cho trước.)

1. I haven't attended an office meeting for a month.

A. I attended an office meeting a month ago.

B. I last attended an office meeting a month ago.

C. I have attended an office meeting for a month.

D. I didn't attend an office meeting a month ago.

2. The businessman was on a trip for days, then he completed the sale.

A. The businessman has completed the sale after he had been on a trip for days.

B. The businessman was on a trip before he has completed the sale.

C. The businessman had completed the sale after he was on a trip for days.

D. The businessman completed the sale after he had been on a trip for days. 

A. the least

B. more or less

C. more and more

D. less and less

2 Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

(Khoanh tròn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra phần gạch chân cần sửa trong mỗi câu hỏi sau.)

1. This is the first time I had taken a photo of this rare animal in the wild.

2. The most we use our personal vehicles, the more we pollute the environment.

3. What is the most expensive present that you have ever give to someone?

4. That is the second time I have went to the new shopping centre.

5. Much and more high-rise buildings are being built in our city.

6. Finding a stable job in the city is getting more and most difficult.

7. The little developed a country is, the higher the unemployment rate is

8. Singapore is the most modern city I had ever visited.

3 Write what you would say in these situations. Start with 'It', 'This', or 'That' and use the words in brackets.

(Viết những gì bạn sẽ nói trong những tình huống này. Bắt đầu bằng 'It', 'This' hoặc 'That' và sử dụng các từ trong ngoặc.)

1. You are visiting a museum. You have never visited it before. (first time)

______________________________________________________

2. You are seeing a very tall building. You have never seen a building taller than this one. (tallest)

______________________________________________________

3. You are staying at a hotel where you have stayed twice before. (third time)

______________________________________________________

4. You are in Thailand for the first time in your life. (first time)

______________________________________________________

Present perfect (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)

1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms of the Present Perfect.

(Chia các động từ trong ngoặc ở dạng đúng của thì hiện tại hoàn thành.)

1. _____ (Harry/accept) the new job offer?

2. Annie _____ (not/speak) to her colleagues yet. They’re having a meeting later today.

3. Paul is annoyed because he _____ (just/miss) the bus to the work conference.

4. Simon _____ (achieve) a lot since he started working here.

5. Mark _____ (travel) to Asia on business several times.

6. We _____ (not/be) to London since my last business trip in 2018.

7. How many reports _____ (they/write) so far this week?

8. This is the second time Mary _____ (attend) a work conference.

2. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one. Use the word in bold and the Present Perfect.

(Hoàn thành câu thứ hai sao cho nghĩa không đổi so với câu thứ nhất. Dùng các từ in đậm và thì hiện tại hoàn thành.)

1. I haven’t spoken to the HR manager for two months. SINCE

→ It’s _____________________________________________.

2. I have never attended a job interview before. FIRST

→ This is __________________________________________.

3. Dean is still writing his CV at the moment. YET

→ Dean hasn’t ______________________________________.

4. It’s 2023 now and I haven’t been to India on a business trip since 2018. FOR

→ I haven’t _________________________________________.

5. It is the best party that we have ever organised. NEVER

→ We have _________________________________________.

Choose the best answer.

She ___________  book for more than 2 hours.