Language point: References and pronouns

3. Find phrases 1-5 in the essay. What do the pronouns in blue refer to?

(Tìm các cụm từ  từ 1-5 trong bài văn. Các đại từ màu xanh chỉ điều gì?)

1. they are a nuisance

2. for and against this rule

3. if one rings, it disturbs the whole class

4. they say that it is worse if students have access to the internet

5. students can use apps on their phones to help them with schoolwork

Finished?

Write a letter to the principal to request a change to one of the environmental problems in your school. Explain what the problem is and what you think the school should do.

(Viết thư cho hiệu trưởng để yêu cầu thay đổi một trong những vấn đề môi trường ở trường của bạn. Giải thích vấn đề là gì và bạn nghĩ nhà trường nên làm gì.)

2. Find the key phrases in the essay. Which phrases ...

(Tìm các cụm từ quan trọng trong bài luận. Cụm từ nào …)

1. introduce the writer's opinion?

2. help to list reasons and arguments?

3. help to contrast ideas?

4. USE IT! Follow the steps in the Writing Guide.

WRITING GUIDE

(Hướng dẫn viết)

A. TASK

(Nhiệm vụ)

Write a discussion essay on this topic:

(Viết bài văn nghị luận về chủ đề này:)

All young people should do two weeks of compulsory work for the community every year (such as street cleaning, planting trees or helping old people). Discuss.

(Tất cả thanh niên nên làm hai tuần công việc bắt buộc cho cộng đồng mỗi năm (chẳng hạn như dọn dẹp đường phố, trồng cây hoặc giúp đỡ người già). Bàn luận.)

B. THINK AND PLAN

(Suy nghĩ và lên kế hoạch)

1. What will be the consequences of this rule if it is introduced?

(Điều gì sẽ xảy ra nếu quy tắc này được áp dụng?)

2. How would young people feel about this rule?

(Những người trẻ tuổi sẽ cảm thấy thế nào về quy tắc này?)

3. Do you think that doing compulsory work would make students more responsible? Why?

(Bạn có nghĩ rằng làm công việc bắt buộc sẽ khiến học sinh có trách nhiệm hơn không? Tại sao?)

4. Is there a better way to encourage young people to help their community?

(Có cách nào tốt hơn để khuyến khích những người trẻ tuổi giúp đỡ cộng đồng của họ không?)

C. WRITE

(Viết)

Paragraph 1: Introduction

(Đoạn 1: Giới thiệu)

Paragraph 2: Ideas for one side of the argument

(Đoạn 2: Ý kiến cho một mặt lập luận)

Paragraph 3: Ideas for the other side of the argument

(Đoạn 3: Ý tưởng cho mặt lập luận còn lại)

Paragraph 4: Conclusion and your opinion

(Đoạn 4: Kết luận và ý kiến của bạn)

D. CHECK

(Kiểm tra)

- phrases to present / contrast arguments

(cụm từ để trình bày/tương phản)

- references and pronouns

(tài liệu tham khảo và đại từ)

WRITING - A discussion essay

7. Choose the correct words.

(Chọn những từ đúng.)

Students should learn about healthy eating at school.

Discuss.

My school in London plans to introduce regular lessons about healthy eating. But is it right for a school to teach students about what they should eat?

One of the arguments (1) _______ the new lessons (2) _______ that some young people in the UK have an unhealthy diet and eat too much sugary food. (3) _______ , they sometimes consume too many sugary drinks and this can lead to problems with their teeth. (4) _______ addition, some young people don’t do enough exercise so they may put on weight, too.

On the (5) _______ , some people say that students should only learn academic subjects in class. They think that school isn’t the place to teach young people how to live their lives.

(6) _______ , I’m in (7) _______ of having a few lessons about healthy eating, but not every week. I (8) _______ suggest that students learn about this as part of their biology lessons and not as a separate subject.

1. a. to        b. for        c. with

2. a. be       b. are        c. is

3. a. What’s more     b. What’s most     c. What more

4. a. Of       b. In        c. On

5. a. other part     b. other hands     c. other hand

6. a. All in all       b. Overalls         c. All consider

7. a. favour           b. favourite        c. favours

8. a. do                 b. won't              c. would

5. Write three or four sentences about a person who has shown two or more of the qualities below. What did they do and what was the result?

(Viết ba hoặc bốn câu về một người thể hiện hai hoặc nhiều phẩm chất dưới đây. Họ đã làm gì và kết quả ra sao?)

My dance teacher has been both patient and kind. She gave me extra classes and now I feel more confident....

(Thầy dạy múa của tôi vừa kiên nhẫn vừa tốt bụng. Cô đã cho tôi đi học thêm và bây giờ tôi cảm thấy tự tin hơn....)

Language point: References and pronouns

1. Match 1-6 with a-f.

(Nối 1 – 6 với a – f.)

1. The government wants to ban violent video games for teenagers under eighteen because b

2. The majority of young people are responsible and most of

3. Some young people aren't happy about the plan to ban particular video games so

4. Schools are worried about students not doing enough PE or exercise because they think

5. Teachers need to explain the importance of PE to parents so

6. All parents will receive information letters about the changes to PE and

a. they're complaining about it on social media.

b. they could have a negative influence.

c. these will arrive next week.

d. them don't play very violent games.

e. this problem sometimes leads to obesity.

f. they're going to speak to them soon.

2. Choose the correct words in the first two paragraphs of a discussion essay.

(Chọn những từ đúng trong hai đoạn đầu tiên của một bài luận thảo luận.)

Some people say that violent programmes on TV should be banned because they / them / this are bad for children and teenagers.

One of the arguments for the ban is that violent TV programmes are too realistic and watching 1 they / it / them can encourage violence in real life. In addition, some people have suggested that 2 these / that / this programmes can be addictive and 3 he / them / this can become a problem. For instance, my friend Alistair told me that 4 him / he / it was watching a violent series for three hours a day. I was worried that 5 them / it / these was bad for 6 him / he / them.

TASK

3. Read and complete the discussion essay with the words.

(Đọc và hoàn thành bài luận thảo luận với các từ.)

Students should do PE every day at school. Discuss.

Our school plans, introduce PE lessons every day. But is it fair to make everybody do exercise so often? There are arguments for and against this idea.

On the 1 ………….. hand, doing PE every day would help students to keep fit. Some students never do sports outside school. For 2 …………, one group of students explained that they don't have time for it. What's more, most students spend too much time in front of screens. One of the 3 …………….  for more PE is that it could help to prevent obesity and a 'couch potato' lifestyle.

On the other 4 …………….., some students complain that they don't want more PE at school because they don't enjoy the sports that are offered. In 5 …………….., more PE lessons would affect the school timetable.

6 ………………. example, many teachers have said that PE every day would be too much and it would reduce the time for subjects like maths, languages or science.

7 …………….. I am not in favour of PE every day because it would take too much time from the school timetable.

8 ………………..., I think students should do PE three times a week so that they get enough exercise.

4. Write a discussion essay on this topic:

(Viết đoạn văn thảo luận về chủ đề này:)

Use the discussion essay in exercise 3 to help you and think about the following things:

(Sử dụng bài luận thảo luận trong bài tập 3 để giúp bạn suy nghĩ về những điều sau)

• Do many teenagers play violent video games?

(Có nhiều thanh thiếu niên chơi trò chơi điện tử bạo lực không?)

•What are the arguments for a ban?

(Các lý lẽ ủng hộ lệnh cấm là gì?)

• What are the arguments against a ban?

(Những lý lẽ phản đối lệnh cấm là gì?)

• What is your opinion and why?

(Ý kiến của bạn là gì và tại sao?)