Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Florence Nightingale, born on May 12, 1820, in Italy, was a British nurse, social reformer, and statistician. She is a famous woman in history known for her important work in nursing. Her dedication and compassion have made a lasting impact on healthcare.

[I] Florence broke societal rules by choosing a nursing career, which was not seen as a respectable job for women at the time. [II] During the Crimean War in the 1850s, Florence Nightingale gained prominence for her tireless efforts to improve the conditions of wounded soldiers. [III] She transformed the military hospitals by introducing better sanitation, hygiene practices, and organised medical care. [IV] Her commitment to patient well-being significantly reduced the mortality rate among the soldiers.

One of Florence Nightingale's lasting contributions was her emphasis on cleanliness and proper healthcare practices, which laid the foundation for modern nursing. Her famous book, Notes on Nursing, became a guide for healthcare professionals, stressing the importance of a clean and well-ventilated environment for patient recovery.

The "Lady with the Lamp", as Florence was affectionately called, made nightly rounds to check on patients. Her dedication and hands-on approach to nursing set a precedent for compassionate care, shaping the future of the nursing profession.

Florence Nightingale's legacy endures today, with International Nurses Day celebrated on her birthday. Her pioneering work not only elevated the status of nursing but also inspired countless women to pursue careers in healthcare.

Florence Nightingale's story, where she went against what society expected and became a symbol of caring, shows how one person can make a big difference. Her influence still guides people in healthcare, reminding them to be dedicated, compassionate, and follow their passions.

2. Read the conversation again and circle the correct answer to complete each of the sentences.

(Đọc lại đoạn hội thoại và khoanh tròn câu trả lời đúng để hoàn thành mỗi câu.)

1. Dang Thuy Tram was born in Ha Noi/Hue.

2. Tram wrote about/operated on injured soldiers during the war.

3. She died when she was very young/old.

4. An American soldier kept her diary for 27 years/more than three decades before returning a copy to her family.

3. Find words and a phrase in 1 with the following meanings.

(Tìm từ và cụm từ trong phần 1 có nghĩa sau.)

1. a______ : descriptions of things that have happened

2. d______ : the end of somebody's life

3. d____ to: giving time, attention, etc. to something

4. y______ : the period of time when a person is young

4. Complete the sentences based on the conversation.

(Hoàn thành các câu dựa vào đoạn hội thoại.)

Dang Thuy Tram was a young surgeon. She (1) _________ her diary while she (2) _________ in a field hospital during the war. One day, she (3) _________ while she (4) _________ in the jungle. She was only 27 then. An American soldier (5) _________ her diary for many years before returning a copy to her family.

A creative genius

(Một thiên tài sáng tạo)

1. Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.

(Làm việc theo cặp. Thảo luận các câu hỏi.)

1. Who is the man in the photo?

(Người trong bức ảnh là ai?)

2. What is he most famous for?

(Ông ấy nổi tiếng vì điều gì?)

2. Read the article. Choose the words or phrases with the closest meaning to the highlighted words or phrases in the text.

(Đọc bài viết. Chọn những từ hoặc cụm từ có nghĩa gần nhất với những từ hoặc cụm từ được đánh dấu trong văn bản.)

STEVE JOBS' LIFE AND ACHIEVEMENTS

A. _________

Steven Paul Jobs was born on 24 February, 1955 in San Francisco, USA. His biological parents were not married and gave him up for adoption. He was adopted by Clara and Paul Jobs. In 1971, Jobs met Steve Wozniak, who was five years older than him, but they bonded over their love of electronics. After high school, Jobs attended Reed College in Oregon, but found the classes boring and dropped out after six months.

B. _________

When Jobs was 21, he and Wozniak started Apple Computers in Jobs' family garage with money they got by selling Jobs' van and Wozniak's scientific calculator. By making computers smaller, cheaper, and accessible to everyday users, their company became a huge success and sales quickly increased.

Although Jobs left Apple in 1985, he returned to his post in 1997 when the company needed new ideas. He helped invent new products such as the iMac, the iBook for students, the iPod music player, and iTunes music software. In 2007, he introduced the touch-screen iPhone which changed the way phones were used. Apple products were not only designed to be cutting-edge technology, but also to be stylish and easy to use.

In addition, Jobs contributed to computer animation. In 1986, he bought a small company, which later became Pixar Animation Studios. It produced the first full-length computer-animated film Toy Story, followed by other blockbusters.

C. _________

In 2003, Jobs was diagnosed with a rare form of pancreatic cancer. He fought the disease for several years, and stopped working in August, 2011. Two months later, he passed away. He had four children, three with his wife of 20 years and one from a previous relationship. On an Apple web page, a statement reads, 'Apple has lost a visionary and creative genius, and the world has lost an amazing human being.'

1. adopted

A. given birth to

B. taken by another family as their own child

2. dropped out

A. continued to study

B. left school/college before completing your studies

3. cancer

A. a serious disease

B. a dangerous animal

4. passed away

A. died

B. went past something

5. genius

A. a very intelligent person

B. an ordinary person

3. Read the article again. Match each section (A-C) with a heading (1-5). There are TWO extra headings.

(Đọc lại bài viết. Nối mỗi phần (A-C) với tiêu đề (1-5). Có HAI tiêu đề dư.)

1. Achievements (Thành tích)

2. Early life and education (Cuộc sống và giáo dục sớm)

3. Marriage and family (Hôn nhân và gia đình)

4. Contribution to animation (Đóng góp cho hoạt hình)

5. Health issues and family (Vấn đề sức khỏe và gia đình)

4. Read the article again. Complete the diagram with information from the text. Use ONE word for each gap.

(Đọc lại bài viết. Hoàn thành sơ đồ với thông tin từ văn bản. Sử dụng MỘT từ cho mỗi chỗ trống.)

1955

• born in San Francisco

• (1) _____ by the Jobs' family

1976

• started (2) _____Computers

1985

• left the company

1986

• bought a (3) _____

1997-2010

• returned to Apple

• helped invent new (4) _____

2011

• resigned

• died of (5) _____

2. Read some facts about Walt Disney. Then work in pairs to answer all the questions in 1.

(Đọc một số sự thật về Walt Disney. Sau đó làm việc theo cặp để trả lời tất cả các câu hỏi ở phần 1.)

1. Read the following text and complete the comparison table on page 18.

(Đọc đoạn văn sau và hoàn thành bảng so sánh ở trang 18.)

Queens of the world

It is said that women can rule kingdoms, and some of them actually did. Below are three of the most famous queens in world history.

Cleopatra VII (69 BC-30 BC)

The queen of ancient Egypt (ruling from 51 BC to 30 BC) was most famous for her determination and beauty. She was also very intelligent and well educated, and could speak nine languages. Under her rule, Egypt was a rich nation and remained independent from the expanding Roman Empire.

Elizabeth I (1533-1603)

Queen Elizabeth 1 ruled England for 45 years (1558-1603). She was admired for her strong determination and intelligence. Elizabeth could speak and write five languages, and even translated lengthy texts into French, Italian, and Latin. She is considered one of the most successful queens in British history. She defeated the powerful Spanish Navy in 1588 and encouraged the development of the arts. She refused to get married.

Catherine II (1729-1796)

Catherine II was a minor German princess who became known as Catherine the Great and ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796. She was intelligent, ambitious, and dedicated to her adopted country. She expanded the Russian Empire, adding an area of more than 500,000 square kilometres. She improved education for children and women, and opened the first school for girls in Russia. During her time there were also great developments in architecture, trade, and culture.

1. Read the text about Alexandre Yersin. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

(Đọc đoạn văn về Alexandre Yersin. Đánh dấu chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra câu trả lời đúng cho mỗi câu hỏi sau.)

Alexandre Yersin was born in 1863 in Switzerland, and passed away at the age of 80 in Nha Trang, Viet Nam. His family was originally from France. He was a doctor who made great contributions to medicine as well as the people in Viet Nam.

In 1890, Yersin left Europe to work as a medical doctor on a ship near Indochina, where he explored the region. In 1894, he was sent to Hong Kong to deal with an infected disease. Then, he discovered a bacterium responsible for the disease and saved millions of people's lives.

One year later, Yersin established a small laboratory in Nha Trang to prepare serums against the disease in human beings and cattle. To fund the laboratory, he started to grow corn, rice, and coffee, and introduced the rubber tree in Indochina. It later became a branch of the Pasteur Institute in Paris.

From 1902 to 1904, he lived in Ha Noi and helped establish Ha Noi Medical University. He was also the first medical director of the university. In 1920, he introduced the first effective drug for preventing and treating malaria in the region.

His house in Nha Trang is now the Yersin Museum. A university in Da Lat was named Yersin University in his honour.

1. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. The story of a remarkable life

B. Yersin's research and exploration in Indochina

C. Yersin's contributions to medicine in Viet Nam

D. Yersin's childhood in Viet Nam

2. The word 'fund' in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.

A. introduce

B. grow

C. discover

D. finance

3. The word 'It' in paragraph 3 refers to _____.

A. cattle

B. laboratory

C. coffee

D. rubber tree

4. According to the text, which of the following information is true about Yersin?

A. He started living in Ha Noi in 1890.

B. He opened a university by himself.

C. He could find an effective method for treating malaria.

D. He had a house in Nha Trang, which was turned into a pharmacy.

2. Read the following passage about Ton That Tung's contributions to the medicine in Viet Nam. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word that best fits each blank.

(Đọc đoạn văn sau đây về những đóng góp của Tôn Thất Tùng cho nền y học Việt Nam. Đánh dấu chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra từ đúng phù hợp nhất với mỗi chỗ trống.)

Ton That Tung was a famous surgeon (1) ________ made great contributions to the medicine in Viet Nam. From 1935 to 1939, he performed operations on over 200 livers of dead bodies and analysed them when he (2) ________ the Indochina School of Medicine and Pharmacy. After the Revolution in August (1945), he worked as a private doctor to take care (3) ________ Uncle Ho. A few years later, he became the director of Phu Doan Hospital (Viet Duc Hospital today). In 1958, he was the first doctor to (4) ________ heart surgery in Viet Nam. Later, in 1960s, he found a new surgery method to reduce bleeding (5) ________ shorten the time for the operation down to only four to eight minutes.

1.

A. whose                    

B. who            

C. which         

D. whom

2.

A. made                      

B. took           

C. attended     

D. discovered

3.

A. in               

B. for              

C. about          

D. of

4.

A. perform     

B. prevent      

C. change       

D. treat

5.

A. but             

B. and

C. so               

D. for

a. Read Lisa's blog about visiting Italy. What event impacted her the most? Choose the correct answer.

(Đọc blog của Lisa về chuyến thăm Ý. Sự kiện nào tác động đến cô ấy nhiều nhất? Chọn câu trả lời đúng.)

1. learning about Italian history (tìm hiểu về lịch sử nước Ý)

2. seeing the Colosseum (tham quan Đấu trường La Mã)    

3. going on the tour without her phone (đi du lịch mà không mang theo điện thoại)

A LIFE-CHANGING TRIP

Lisa Smith

Hi, everyone! Today, I want to tell you all about something that had a big impact on me. It happened two years ago on a trip to Rome, Italy with my family and my best friend.

On the first day, we were outside the hotel, and our tour guide was explaining the itinerary. While everyone else was listening, my friend and I were busy taking selfies. Then, my dad came over and asked what we thought about the planned bus tour. We were embarrassed because we didn't listen at all. My dad was really upset. He said we would enjoy the trip more if we didn't spend all day on our phones. Then, he asked us to give him our phones for the rest of the day. I felt so embarrassed in front of my friend, but we didn't have a choice.

At first, I didn't know what to do on the bus. It was a nice day with perfect weather, and all around me were beautiful, old buildings. Suddenly, I didn't miss my phone. Later that morning, we stopped at a huge ancient stadium called the Colosseum. The guide told us it was almost 2,000 years old. He said that sometimes they would even fill it with water and put ships in it to recreate famous sea battles. It was so cool!

I'm grateful that my dad took my phone away that day. Now when I travel, I'm not always looking at my phone. I enjoy the sights in front of me with my eyes first, and only take photos later. So, everyone, don't live your life on your phones. There's a beautiful world out there for you to see.

b. Now, read and answer the questions.

(Bây giờ hãy đọc và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. What did Lisa do two years ago?

(Lisa đã làm gì hai năm trước?)

2. Why didn't Lisa and her friend hear the tour guide?

(Tại sao Lisa và bạn cô ấy không nghe lời hướng dẫn viên du lịch?)

3. The word it in paragraph 3 refers to ________.

(Từ it ở đoạn 3 đề cập đến________.)

A. the Colosseum (đấu trường La Mã)

B. the Colosseum's history (lịch sử của Đấu trường La Mã)

C. the tour (chuyến tham quan)

4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as something Lisa enjoyed on her trip?

(Điều nào sau đây KHÔNG được đề cập là điều Lisa thích trong chuyến đi của cô ấy?)

A. the weather (thời tiết)

B. Italian food (món ăn Ý)

C. the Colosseum’s history (lịch sử của Đấu trường La Mã)

5. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

(Điều nào sau đây có thể được suy ra từ đoạn văn?)

A. Lisa likes to travel without a phone.

(Lisa thích đi du lịch mà không có điện thoại.)

B. Lisa uses her phone more when traveling.

(Lisa sử dụng điện thoại nhiều hơn khi đi du lịch.)

C. Lisa uses her phone less when traveling.

(Lisa sử dụng điện thoại ít hơn khi đi du lịch.)

c. Listen and read.

(Nghe và đọc.)

a. Read the biography about Nellie Bly. What can be said about her? Choose the correct answer.

(Đọc tiểu sử về Nellie Bly. Có thể nói gì về cô ấy? Chọn câu trả lời đúng.)

1. She was a brave woman who changed her field and the world.

(Cô ấy là một người phụ nữ dũng cảm đã thay đổi lĩnh vực của mình và thế giới.)

2. She was a highly successful woman who was inspired by other women.

(Cô ấy là một người phụ nữ rất thành công và được những người phụ nữ khác truyền cảm hứng.)

Nellie Bly was an American journalist, best known for her investigative reporting. She also made the fastest trip around the world.

She was born in 1864 in Pennsylvania, the United States. Her parents named her Elizabeth Jane Cochran. She started her career in 1885 after writing an angry response to an article called What Girls Are Good For in the Pittsburgh Dispatch. They were impressed and gave her a job. In her first article, she argued that not all women needed to get married, and that they should have better opportunities. She then used the name Nellie Bly for the rest of her career.

After leaving the Pittsburgh Dispatch, Nellie was rejected from jobs because newspapers wouldn't hire a woman. She finally got a job at the New York World by agreeing to pretend to be mentally unwell to investigate a mental asylum. Her report exposed the asylum's conditions, and it was forced to improve its patient care. f, she wrote about many difficult issues, and most of them are in support of women's lives.

In 1889, inspired by Jules Verne's novel Around the World in Eighty Days, she took a trip around the world. The idea was rejected by her newspaper at first because "no one but a man can do this", but finally her editor agreed. She traveled alone for most of it, an unusual thing for women to do at the time. She actually met Jules Verne in France and completed the trip after 72 days, setting a world record.

In her later years, Nellie Bly returned to journalism. She wrote reports about World War I and problems that impacted women. Nellie Bly died in 1922 at the age of 57. Her life has inspired dozens of movies, TV series, and books.

c. Now, read and answer the questions.

(Bây giờ hãy đọc và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true EXCEPT_________.

(Theo đoạn 2, tất cả những điều sau đây đều đúng NGOẠI TRỪ)

A. Nellie Bly wasn't happy with career options women had back then

(Nellie Bly không hài lòng với những lựa chọn nghề nghiệp mà phụ nữ có vào thời đó)

B. Elizabeth Jane Cochran wrote her first article under the name Nellie Bly

 (Elizabeth Jane Cochran viết bài báo đầu tiên của mình dưới cái tên Nellie Bly)

C. Nellie Bly was interested in writing about women's lives

(Nellie Bly thích viết về cuộc sống của phụ nữ)

2. The word pretend in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _________.

(Từ pretend ở đoạn 3 có nghĩa gần nhất với)

A. put on an act

(thực hiện một hành động)

B. imagine

(tưởng tượng)

C. say

(nói)

3. How did Nellie Bly get her job at the New York World? _________

(Làm thế nào Nellie Bly có được công việc của mình tại New York World?)

4. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3?

(Điều nào sau đây có thể được suy ra từ đoạn 3?)

A. The mental hospital treated its patients badly.

(Bệnh viện tâm thần đối xử tệ với bệnh nhân của mình.)

B. Nellie Bly was already well known as a journalist before she wrote for the New York World.

(Nellie Bly đã nổi tiếng với tư cách là một nhà báo trước khi cô viết bài cho tờ New York World.)

C. Nellie didn't have any difficulty getting into the hospital.

(Nellie không gặp khó khăn gì khi vào bệnh viện.)

5. Why did Nellie Bly make a trip around the world? _________

(Tại sao Nellie Bly lại thực hiện chuyến đi vòng quanh thế giới?)

d. Listen and read.

(Nghe và đọc.)

2. Read the text. For questions (1-4), choose the best answers (A, B, C or D).

(Đọc bài khóa. Với các câu hỏi (1-4), chọn đáp án đúng (A, B, C hoặc D).

1. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. An Impossible Task

B. Chasing Glory

C. Close to Gold

D. One Last Chance

2. What had Gary done by the time he was twenty-two years old?

A. He had won four gold medals.

B. He had set several records.

C. He had competed in the Olympics.

D. He had learned about his diabetes.

3. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word devastated in paragraph 2?

A. shocked

B. furious

C. confused

D. doubtful

4. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 4?

A. Gary never thought that he could succeed.

B. Gary stopped swimming in the year 2000.

C. Gary's friends and family doubted Gary's success.

D. Gary never paid attention to what people said about him.

3. Read the text again and decide if each of the statements (1-4) is T (true) or F (false).

(Đọc lại văn bản và quyết định xem mỗi câu (1-4) là T (đúng) hay F (sai).)

1. Gary had natural swimming talent to begin with.

2. A year before the 2000 Olympics, Gary's health condition made it easy for him to train.

3. Gary didn't have much success at the 2000 Olympics in Sydney.  

4. Gary competed in three different Olympic events.

VALUE OUR LIFE EXPERIENCES

(Trân trọng trải nghiệm cuộc sống)

Which of these do you agree with? Can you think of more reasons?

(Bạn đồng ý với điều nào dưới đây? Bạn có nghĩ được những lí do khác không?)

I value my life experiences because they ...

(Tôi trân trọng những trải nghiệm cuộc sống của mình vì chúng …)

1. teach me new things about the world.

(dạy tôi nhiều thứ mới về thế giới.)

2. make my life interesting and challenging.

(làm cho cuộc sống của tôi thú vị và đầy thách thức.)

3. have positive effects on me.

(có những hiệu ứng tích cực với tôi.)

1. Read the story about Arnel Pineda and match the paragraphs (A-D) to the descriptions (1-4).

(Đọc câu chuyện về Arnel Pineda và nối các đoạn văn (A-D) với các mô tả (1-4).)

Arnel’s journey

A. Amel Pineda was born in Sampaloc, Manila, the Philippines in 1967, and he is an inspiring person. He has been passionate about singing since he was five years old and has achieved great success as a professional singer. However, he faced a lot of challenges during his early life.

B. When Arnel was thirteen, his mother died, so his family had a lot of financial problems. Then, Amel became homeless for several years. During that time, he took different low-paying jobs like collecting old bottles and selling newspapers to help him survive. In 1982, at the age of fifteen, he joined a local band as a lead singer, singing pop songs by famous bands. Amel didn't make much money this way, but he never gave up on his passion.

C. By the late 1990s, he had achieved some success, but it was in the early 2000s that he finally got his big break. In June 2007, Neal Schon, a member of the famous band Journey viewed a video of Arnel online. Schon contacted him and invited him to an audition for the band's new lead singer position. Six months later, Amel joined Journey and they have had tremendous success since then. The band has released three studio albums and sold millions of records worldwide.

D. Arnel Pineda is a special person because he overcame his difficult beginning. I admire him because he stayed committed to his passion and achieved greatness. Arnel's success shows that anyone can achieve their dreams if they try hard enough.

1. ___ reasons Arnel is admired and the lesson from his story

2. ___ general information about Arnel (name, where from, what famous for)

3. ___ difficulties in his early life

4. ___ his turning points and achievements

2. What tense did the writer use in the model writing in Exercise 1. Why?

Tenses: When writing about a person's life story, we use past tenses to refer to that person's early life and achievements. We use the present tense if the person is alive and to refer to that person's current status.

(Thì: Khi viết về câu chuyện cuộc đời của một người nào đó, ta dùng các thì quá khứ để nói về cuộc sống khi xưa của người đó và các thành tựu. Chúng ta dùng thì hiện tại nếu người đó còn sống và đang nói về tình trạng hiện tại của người đó.)

1. Look at the picture and read the title. What is special about this person? Read the text to check.

(Nhìn bức trạnh và đọc tiêu đề. Có điều gì đặc biệt về con người này? Đọc bài khoá để kiểm tra.)

2. Read the text again. Then read the sentences (A-D) and choose the one that best fits each gap (1-3). There is one extra sentence.

(Đọc bài khoá lần nữa. Sau đó đọc các câu (A-D) và chọn câu phù hợp nhất với các chỗ trống (1-3). Có một câu bị dư.)

An Extraordinary Educator

Nguyễn Ngọc Ký is one of the most inspiring people in modern Vietnamese history. He was not only an excellent teacher, but he was also an inspiration to many Vietnamese people due to the passion and determination he showed throughout his life.

Nguyễn Ngọc Ký was born in Nam Định Province in 1947 and he was a great teacher in Vietnam. However, he had a very tough early childhood. 1. _____. As a result of his illness, he lost the ability to use his arms. This made his life extremely challenging, but Nguyễn Ngọc Ký was determined to live a full life like any other child and insisted on attending school. He learned how to write using his feet and performed very well at school. 2. _____. For this achievement, he was awarded two medals from President Hồ Chí Minh. After earning a degree in literature at Hà Nội National University, Nguyễn Ngọc Ký became a teacher.

Over the years, Nguyễn Ngọc Ký had helped many students and gained a reputation as an incredible, inspiring teacher. In 1992, he was awarded the title “Nhà giáo ưu tú” for his outstanding contributions. Nguyễn Ngọc Ký retired from teaching in 2005, but his work still wasn't done. 3. _____. He wrote thirty books in total, including three best-selling autobiographies, titled Tôi đi học (I Went to School), Tôi học đại học (I Went to the University) and Nguyễn Ngọc Ký – Tâm sự trao đời (Nguyễn Ngọc Ký - Passion for Life). He passed away in 2022, but his legacy will continue to inspire many generations of Vietnamese students, and people will remember his incredible achievements for many years to come.

A. He worked as a psychotherapist and continued writing books after his retirement.

B. Nguyen Ngoc Ky experienced difficulty at the beginning of his career as a teacher.

C. At the age of 4, he became very ill with a life-threatening disease called polio.

D. He achieved excellent grades throughout his school years, and he was even placed in the top 5 of a national maths competition.

Reading (Đọc hiểu)

6. Read the text and complete the sentences (1-4). Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

(Đọc bài khoá và hoàn thành các câu sau (1-4). Viết KHÔNG QUÁ HAI TỪ cho mỗi câu trả lời.)

THE POWER OF DETERMINRTION

As an aspiring athlete, I admire people who have overcome challenges to achieve sporting success. One amazing example is Tatyana McFadden.

Tatyana grew up in Baltimore, Maryland, and later became one of the best Paralympic athletes in US history. However, she had to overcome significant challenges before she achieved great success.

Tatyana was born with spina bifida, a spinal condition that made her suffer from a severe walking disability. In addition, she spent her early childhood in a home for children without families and didn't have a wheelchair to help her get around. However, Tatyana was determined to play with other children at her age and soon learned to walk using her hands.

At the age of 6, Tatyana was adopted by a family and she began her new life in Baltimore. She developed a keen interest in sports and took up wheelchair racing at just eight years old. She quickly showed promise in sport, and by the age of 15, she had already competed in her first Summer Paralympics, taking home a silver and a bronze medal. Since then, she has achieved huge success, winning 7 Paralympic golds and becoming the first person ever to complete a Grand Slam of marathons by winning the Chicago, Boston. New York and London marathons in the same year in 2013. She was also named the 'Female Athlete of the Year' by the International Paralympic Committee in both 2013 and 2014.

In spite of the challenges she has faced, Tatyana has achieved incredible success in sports and has become a role model for aspiring athletes all over the world. Her story teaches us that any obstacles can be overcome if we have enough dedication and determination.

1. Tatyana McFadden is among the best _____ who has competed for the USA.

2. She is unable to walk as a result of a(n) _____ that she was born with.

3. Nobody had ever won a marathon _____ in 12 months until Tatyana did it in 2013.

4. Tatyana is a(n) _____ to those who want to become professional sportspeople.

2. Read the text below about Nguyễn Du and his famous work. Answer the following questions.

(Đọc đoạn văn dưới đây về Nguyễn Du và tác phẩm nổi tiếng của ông. Trả lời các câu hỏi sau.)

Nguyễn Du is one of the most famous Vietnamese authors. He is best known for his poem "The Tale of Kiều". Nguyễn Du wrote this work in the early 19th century. The poem tells the tragic story of a young woman named Kieu. It depicts the themes of love, sacrifice, loyalty and fate and also reveals the struggles of women in traditional Vietnamese society. Appreciating Nguyễn Du's artistic and poetic excellence and its historical and cultural importance, many readers have considered 'The Tale of Kiều" one of the greatest works of Vietnamese literature. Different generations of Vietnamese students have studied extracts of this poem over the last decades.

Tạm dịch:

Nguyễn Du là một trong những tác giả nổi tiếng nhất của Việt Nam. Ông được biết đến nhiều nhất qua bài thơ “Truyện Kiều”. Nguyễn Du viết tác phẩm này vào đầu thế kỷ 19. Bài thơ kể về câu chuyện bi thảm của cô gái trẻ tên Kiều. Nó mô tả các chủ đề về tình yêu, sự hy sinh, lòng trung thành và số phận, đồng thời bộc lộ cuộc đấu tranh của người phụ nữ trong xã hội Việt Nam truyền thống. Đánh giá cao sự xuất sắc về nghệ thuật, thơ ca của Nguyễn Du cũng như tầm quan trọng về lịch sử, văn hóa của tác phẩm, nhiều độc giả đã coi Truyện Kiều là một trong những tác phẩm vĩ đại nhất của văn học Việt Nam.

1. When did Nguyễn Du write the poem “The Tale of Kiều”?

(Nguyễn Du viết bài thơ “Truyện Kiều” vào thời điểm nào?)

2. What is "The Tale of Kiều" about?

(Truyện Kiều nói về điều gì?)

3. Why have many readers considered it a great piece of work?

(Tại sao nhiều độc giả coi đây là một tác phẩm tuyệt vời?)

2. Read the text quickly. What do the bold words mean? What do the underlined phrases mean?

(Đọc văn bản một cách nhanh chóng. Những từ in đậm có nghĩa là gì? Những cụm từ được gạch chân có nghĩa là gì?)

FEMALE SCIENTISTS Changing The World

In any web search for the world's famous scientists, Marie Curie always receives a mention. Curie, a Polish and naturalised French physicist and chemist, discovered radiation, helped apply it in the field of X-rays and coined the term radioactivity. She made a huge contribution to science, but was one of the very few women who gained the recognition they deserved.

Science was man's world in the nineteenth century. And yet, Mary Anning became an expert in fossils and geology. Coming from a poor family, she collected fossils on the beach and sold them to make a little money. She found fossils of complete marine reptiles that became extinct over 100 million years ago. She gained the respect of scientists, but living in an era when women weren't allowed to vote or attend university, she was not Geological Society of London.

A hundred years later, conditions were still difficult for female scientists. Rosalind Franklin, a chemist born in 1920, was part of a team who discovered the molecular structure of DNA. Tragically, she died aged thirty-seven, four years before her fellow scientists, all men, were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962. They made no reference to Franklin in their acceptance speech.

In cases where women's achievements were recognised, we still find evidence of discrimination in the way these were reported in the press. When the brilliant chemist Dorothy Hodgkin was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1964 for discovering the molecular structure of penicillin and vitamin B12, the paper headline was Oxford Housewife Wins Nobel. In fact, this housewife was also a professor at Oxford University. Today, the gender gap in the world of science is slowly closing and there are many female scientists inspiring new generations of girls to study scientific subjects. But there are still some ways to go for women to be equally represented in science.

3. Read the text again. What scientists are mentioned and what are their fields of study? What do they have in common?

(Đọc lại văn bản. Những nhà khoa học nào được đề cập và lĩnh vực nghiên cứu của họ là gì? Họ có đặc điểm gì chung?)

4. Read the text again. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).

(Đọc lại văn bản. Quyết định xem những câu sau đây là đúng (T) hay sai (F).)

1. Marie Curie first coined the term radioactivity.

(Marie Curie lần đầu tiên đặt ra thuật ngữ phóng xạ.)

2. Mary Anning was allowed to join the Geological Society of London despite living in an era when women weren't allowed to vote or attend university.

(Mary Anning được phép gia nhập Hiệp hội Địa chất Luân Đôn mặc dù đang sống trong thời đại mà phụ nữ không được phép bầu cử hoặc học đại học.)

3. Rosalind Franklin was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962.

(Rosalind Franklin được trao giải Nobel năm 1962.)

4. The male scientists who were awarded the Nobel Prize did not mention Rosalind Franklin in their acceptance speech.

(Các nhà khoa học nam được trao giải Nobel đã không nhắc đến Rosalind Franklin trong bài phát biểu nhận giải.)

5. The paper headline 'Oxford Housewife Wins Nobel' did not acknowledge Dorothy Hodgkin's work as a professor.

(Tiêu đề bài báo 'Bà nội trợ Oxford đoạt giải Nobel' không thừa nhận công việc của Dorothy Hodgkin với tư cách là một giáo sư.)

6. There is no longer a gender gap in the world of science.

(Không còn khoảng cách giới tính trong thế giới khoa học.)

1. Read the text about the life of Lien's grandmother. Write T (true) or F (false) next to each statement below.

(Đọc đoạn văn về cuộc đời của bà ngoại Liên. Viết T (đúng) hoặc F (sai) bên cạnh mỗi câu dưới đây.)

My grandmother had an interesting life. At age five, her parents died, so she grew up in an orphanage. Life became harder and harder in the orphanage, so she left at the age of 14 to become a cook in a big city. As the years passed, more and more cooks were searching for jobs. She started making her own creative dishes and the restaurant she worked at became more and more famous. The harder she worked, the more successful she became. Unfortunately, she was the victim of a violent attack and could no longer cook. She remained determined and thought out of the box. She then started a program to help others with disabilities. Today, her foundation helps over 100 people in our city.

1. Liên's grandmother lived with her parents after age 5.

(Bà của Liên sống với bố mẹ sau 5 tuổi.)

2. She left the orphanage at age 14.

(Bà rời trại trẻ mồ côi năm 14 tuổi.)

3. She moved to a big city.

(Bà ấy chuyển đến một thành phố lớn.)

4. She became famous as a restaurant owner.

(Bà ấy trở nên nổi tiếng với tư cách là chủ nhà hàng.)

5. She was a victim of an attack.

(Bà ấy là nạn nhân của một cuộc tấn công.)

6. She now has a foundation that helps people.

(Hiện bà ấy có một quỹ chuyên giúp đỡ mọi người.)