2. Match the following definitions with the underlined words in the essay.

(Nối các định nghĩa sau với các từ được gạch chân trong bài luận.)

1. city dwellers & _____: people who live in cities

2. _____: relating to the city rather than the countryside

3. _____: relating to the countryside rather than the city

4. _____: have become smaller

5. _____: money to spend on nonessential things

6. _____: improve the quality of something

3. Complete the list with the adjectives in red in the text. Then listen, check and repeat.

(Hoàn thành danh sách với các tính từ màu đỏ trong đoạn văn, sau đó nghe, kiểm tra và lặp lại.)

 (1) bustling (nhộn nhịp)

square; streets; market (quảng trường; đường phố; chợ)

(2) __________

centre; castle; architecture (trung tâm; lâu đài; kiến trúc)

(3) __________

old town; scenery; village (phố cổ; phong cảnh; làng)

(4) __________

backstreet; neighbourhood; town (đường phố phía sau; khu phố; thị trấn)

(5) __________

city centre; house; building (trung tâm thành phố; nhà ở; tòa nhà)

(6) __________

development; space; area (sự phát triển; không gian; diện tích)

(7) __________

atmosphere; colours; nightlife (bầu không khí; màu sắc; cuộc sống về đêm)

4. Complete the list with the underlined. collocations and compound nouns in the text. Then listen, check and repeat.

(Hoàn thành danh sách với các cụm từ được gạch chân và danh từ ghép trong văn bản, sau đó nghe, kiểm tra và lặp lại.)

1 on-street

2 pedestrian

3 rolling

4 underground

4. Complete the collocations with the words in the list. Then complete the sentences to make them true for you. Compared with a partner.

(Hoàn thành các cụm từ với các từ trong danh sách. Sau đó hoàn thành các câu để làm cho chúng đúng với bạn. So sánh với một đối tác.)

1. My least favourite, _____________ chore is…

2. The nearest _______________ car park is…

3. The newest ____________ development in my neighbourhood is....

4. The tallest ______________ block in my city is...

5. The ______________ area I'd most like to live in is...

6. I'd love to have a _____________home in …

7. I'd prefer to live in a small _____________ flat than…

1. Look at the list of words and phrases. Which ones would you use to describe your house or flat? Use a dictionary if necessary. Then listen and repeat.

(Nhìn vào danh sách các từ và cụm từ. Bạn sẽ sử dụng cái nào để mô tả ngôi nhà hoặc căn hộ của mình? Sử dụng từ điển nếu cần thiết. Sau đó nghe và lặp lại.)

A house has... (Một ngôi nhà có...)

1. a canvas camp bed (một chiếc giường cắm trại bằng vải bạt)

2. central heating (sưởi ấm trung tâm)

3. an en suite bathroom (phòng tắm riêng)

4. a fireplace (lò sưởi)

5. a fitted kitchen (một nhà bếp được trang bị)

6. running water (nước chảy)

A house is... (Một ngôi nhà là...)

7. cramped (chật chội)

8. damp (ẩm ướt)

9. draughty (gió lùa)

10. inaccessible (không thể tiếp cận)

11. minimalist (tối giản)

12. snug (vừa khít)

1. Complete the sentences with the words in the box. There is one extra word.

(Hoàn thành câu với các từ trong khung. Có thêm một từ nữa.)

1. I'll never forget walking through the __________ market in the centre of Marrakesh, through crowds of people in-between the maze of stalls.

2. Some parts of the city are clearly in need of investment with ________ buildings sitting empty and covered in graffiti.

3. The Alhambra Palace dates back to the thirteenth century and is an example of ______ architecture.

4. The landscape south of the town is quite flat, but to the north there are ______ hills.

5. When the office moved to the outskirts of the city, Linh's ________ commute increased by thirty minutes.

6. She grew up in a remote mountain village without electricity or ___________ water.

1. Read the model essay and tick the four topics that are mentioned.

1. public transport

2. crime rates

3. air pollution

4. employment and income

5. cultural and social life

6. affordable housing

7. social isolation

8. traffic problems

Since the industrial revolution began in the late 18^th century, the number of city dwellers has grown and rural

populations have shrunk. Although this suggests that life in the city may be superior in some ways, there are

definitely pros and cons to metropolitan living.

Perhaps the strongest argument for living in cities is that there are greater employment opportunities than in the country. (1) E_____, salaries tend to be higher, meaning that city dwellers often have mere disposable income. A (2) f_____ benefit of city living is the numerous ways in which this income can be spent to enrich people's lives. For those who manage to achieve a healthy work-life balance, cities can provide a comparatively well-paid job which allows them to enjoy a variety of cultural and social experiences.

One of the most (3) p_____ arguments against urban life is, ironically, the sense of isolation that living together with so many others can cause. Rural communities frequently enjoy a strong sense of togetherness, but urbanites often feel a lack of connection with others. It is impossible to form a relationship with all the people in a big city, so a common solution is to ignore the vast majority of them. This may also be related to another of the (4) m_____ of city life, namely high crime rates.

All things (5) c_____, despite the fact that cities can be lonely and dangerous places to live in, I feel the benefits outweigh the drawbacks. (6) P_____, I enjoy living in the city and wouldn't want to live in the country while I am still young.

3. Complete gaps 1 - 6 in the essay with the missing words. The first letters are given.

(Hoàn thành các chỗ trống 1 – 6 trong bài luận với từ còn thiếu. Các chữ cái đầu tiên được cho trước.)