2. Circle the correct answers.

(Hãy khoanh tròn những câu trả lời đúng.)

1   My parents bought / were buying a house just after they got married.

2   John had not engaged / was getting engaged before he left university.

3   Liam inherited a lot of money and was emigrating / emigrated to Australia.

4   Did Pam phone / Had Pam phoned while you watched / were watching television?

5   I opened the door and stepped / had stepped outside. It rained / was raining.

6   I didn’t know where you were because you weren’t phoning / didn’t phone.

7   I had / ‘d had this watch for two years when the battery ran out.

6.  Underline examples of the following past simple forms in the dialogue.

(Gạch chân các ví dụ về các dạng quá khứ đơn sau đây trong đoạn hội thoại.)

1. Regular affirmative (Khẳng định có quy tắc)

2. Irregular affirmative (Khẳng định bất quy tắc)

3. Negative (Câu phủ định)

4. Interrogative (Câu nghi vấn)

3. Why is present simple or present continuous used in each of the highlighted examples from the dialog?

(Tại sao hiện tại đơn hoặc hiện tại tiếp diễn được sử dụng trong mỗi ví dụ được đánh dấu từ hộp thoại?)

4. Read the Learn this! box. Complete the rules (a-g) with the correct tenses: present simple or present continuous.

(Đọc khung Learn this! Hoàn thành các quy tắc (a-g) với các thì đúng: hiện tại đơn hoặc hiện tại tiếp diễn.)

LEARN THIS! Present simple and continuous.

We use:

a. the _______________ for habits and routines.

b. the _______________for something happening now or about now.

c. the _______________for describing annoying behaviour (with always)

d. the _______________for a permanent situation or fact.

e. the _______________for timetables and schedules.

f. the _______________for future arrangements.

g. the _______________in future time clauses (starting with when, as soon as, after, if, etc.)

5. Read the Learn this! Box. Find five stative verbs in the dialogue in exercise 2. How do you know they are stative verbs?

(Đọc khung Learn this! Tìm 5 động từ tình thái trong đoạn hội thoại ở bài tập 2. Làm sao bạn biết chúng là những động từ tình thái?)

6. Complete the sentences with the past simple form of the verbs below. Then listen again and check.

(Hoàn thành các câu với dạng quá khứ đơn của các động từ dưới đây. Sau đó nghe lại và kiểm tra.)

1. My grandparents______________from Pakistan in the 1960s.

2. She______________home until last summer, when she______________married.

3. I ______________In the village where my family has lived for generations.

4. They managed to save quite a bit of money and eventually______________a small farmhouse with some land.

5. They ______________in love, ______________engaged after a week and were married a month later.

6. I ______________brought up by my mom after she______________back to the UK.

7. They ______________school at 16 and ______________to university.

8. They ______________a successful business and______________until they were in their seventies.

3. Complete the Learn this! box with the tenses below. Then underline an example of each of the rules (a-d) in the text in exercise 2.

(Hoàn thành phần khung Learn this! với các thì bên dưới. Sau đó gạch dưới một ví dụ về mỗi quy tắc (a-d) trong văn bản ở bài tập 2.)

past continuous       past perfect              past simple

4. Complete this sentence in three different ways using the three tenses in the Learn this! box. Use the verb learn. How does the meaning change?

(Hoàn thành câu này theo ba cách khác nhau bằng cách sử dụng ba thì trong phần Learn this!. Sử dụng động từ ‘learn’. nghĩa thay đổi như thế nào?)

When Tom left school, he_________/ _________ / _________ to drive.

5. Complete the sentences with the correct past simple, past continuous or past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.

(Hoàn thành các câu với dạng quá khứ đơn, quá khứ tiếp diễn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.)

1. We ____________ (move) house a lot while I____________ (grow up).

2. After Joe ____________ (learn) to drive, he___________ (buy) a car.

3. George ____________ (leave) school, ____________ (go) to university and____________ (study) engineering.

4. My parents ____________ (get) engaged in 1990.

5. They ____________ (fall) in love two years before, while they ____________ (work) in London.

6. Complete the text with the past simple, past continuous or past perfect form of the verbs below.

(Hoàn thành đoạn văn với dạng quá khứ đơn, quá khứ tiếp diễn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành của các động từ dưới đây.)

Japan is the country with the most centenarians: over 50,000. It is also where Jiroemon Kimura, the man with the longest lifespan ever, ¹____________born in 1897. Kimura ²____________school at fourteen and ³____________ a job in a post office. While he ⁴ ____________there, he ⁵____________his future wife Yae. He ⁶____________a postal worker for 45 years when he ⁷____________in 1962. But he ⁸____________working! He ⁹____________a farmer! In an interview just before he ¹⁰____________at the age of 116, he said he wasn’t sure why he ¹¹____________so long. ‘Maybe it's thanks to the sun,’ he ¹²____________. ‘I'm always looking up to the sky.’

7. SPEAKING Tell the class about a real or inventive person from a previous generation (e.g. A parent / grandparent). Use the headings below and make use of past tenses.

(Nói cho cả lớp biết về một người có thật hoặc tưởng tượng ra từ thế hệ trước (ví dụ: cha mẹ/ông bà). Sử dụng các tiêu đề dưới đây và sử dụng các thì quá khứ.)

born when / where? (sinh ra khi nào / ở đâu?)                    

education? (giáo dục?)                       

job? (công việc?)            

married (tình trạng hôn nhân)

family? (gia đình?)

moved (di chuyển?)

other interesting facts? (sự thật thú vị khác?)                                                        

1. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the past simple affirmative.

(Hoàn thành các câu với các động từ trong ngoặc. Dùng thì quá khứ đơn dạng khẳng định.)

1. I _________Turkey in August. (visit)

2. The weather _________ great in July. (be)

3. The sea was warm, so we _________ swim. (can)

4. I _________ you a postcard. (send)

5. I _________ English at a school in Brighton. (study)

6. We _________ every day. (sunbathe)

7. I _________ kayaking in June. (go)

2. Make the sentences in exercise 1 negative.

(Đặt câu ở bài tập 1 theo nghĩa phủ định.)

3 SPEAKING Ask and answer using the prompts below. Use the past simple. Give extra information in your answer.

(Hỏi và trả lời bằng cách sử dụng các gợi ý bên dưới. Sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn. Cung cấp thêm thông tin trong câu trả lời của bạn.)

buy anything last weekend

do any sport during the week

go out last night

have a big breakfast

phone anybody yesterday

send any texts

A: Did you go out last night?

B: No, I didn't. I stayed in and watched TV.

(A: Bạn có đi chơi tối qua không?

B: Không, tôi đã không. Tôi ở trong và xem TV.)

1.1 Past tense contrast

(Tương phản thì quá khứ)

We use past tenses to talk about past events. We use the past continuous to describe a scene in the past. The events were in progress at the same time.

The sun was shining. A man was standing at the bus stop waiting for a bus.

We use the past simple for actions or events that happened one after the other.

Tom got up, had a shower and got dressed.

We use the past continuous to describe a longer background event, and the past simple to describe an action or event that interrupted it.

The phone rang while we were having dinner.

We use the past perfect to talk about an event that happened before another event in the past.

I didn't have any money because I'd lost my wallet.

Notice that with regular verbs the past simple and the past participle form of the past perfect are the same.

She arrived yesterday night.

She had arrived before we served the dinner.

However, with irregular verbs the past simple and the past participle form of the past perfect are often different.

I ate an apple.

I'd already eaten.

Tạm dịch

Chúng ta sử dụng thì quá khứ để nói về các sự kiện trong quá khứ. Chúng ta dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn để diễn tả một cảnh trong quá khứ. Các sự kiện đã được tiến hành cùng một lúc.

Mặt trời đang tỏa nắng. Một người đàn ông đang đứng ở trạm xe buýt chờ xe buýt.

Chúng ta sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn cho các hành động hoặc sự kiện xảy ra lần lượt.

Tom thức dậy, đi tắm và mặc quần áo.

Chúng ta sử dụng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn để mô tả một sự kiện nền dài hơn và thì quá khứ đơn để mô tả một hành động hoặc sự kiện đã làm gián đoạn nó.

Điện thoại reo khi chúng tôi đang ăn tối.

Chúng ta dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành để nói về một sự kiện xảy ra trước một sự kiện khác trong quá khứ.

Tôi không có tiền vì tôi bị mất ví.

Lưu ý rằng với các động từ thông thường thì quá khứ đơn và dạng quá khứ phân từ của quá khứ hoàn thành giống nhau.

Cô ấy đến vào tối hôm qua.

Cô ấy đã đến trước khi chúng tôi phục vụ bữa tối.

Tuy nhiên, với các động từ bất quy tắc thì quá khứ đơn và dạng quá khứ phân từ của quá khứ hoàn thành thường khác nhau.

Tôi đã ăn một quả táo.

Tôi đã ăn rồi.

1 Complete the sentences. Use the past simple or the past continuous form of the verbs in brackets.

(Hoàn thành các câu. Sử dụng dạng quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn của động từ trong ngoặc.)

1 I __________ (have) a crash while I__________ (learn) to drive.

2 Sam __________(get) his first job while he__________ (live) in London.

3 It __________ (rain), so we __________(decide) to cancel the barbecue.

4 What __________you __________ (do) when I (see) you in town?

5 Emma __________ (not hear) the phone ringing because she __________ (listen) to music in her bedroom.

6 Ryan __________ (break) his arm while he _________ (ski) in France.

7 Harry __________ (work) as a chef when he __________ (meet) Sally.

8 You obviously __________ (not listen) when I __________ (ask) you to turn down the music.

2 Complete the sentences. Use the past simple or the past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.

(Hoàn thành các câu. Sử dụng dạng quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành của động từ trong ngoặc.)

1 My uncle and aunt _________ (already/get engaged) before they _________(emigrate) to Australia.

2 I _________(not/can) buy anything because I _________(forget) my wallet.

3 Robert _________(be) upset because he _________ (split up) with his girlfriend.

4 Kelly _________(start) her first business before she_________(leave) university.

5 As soon as Sara _________(inherit) the money from her grandmother, she _________(buy) a car.

6 By the time Joe _________(retire), he_________(become) a grandfather.

7 After Fred _________ (settle down) in London, he _________(decide) to have a change of career.

8 We _________ (spend) the weekend moving house, so we _________ (go) to bed very early on Sunday.

a I'd already had lunch.

b I already had lunch.

Past Simple & Past Continuous

(Thì quá khứ đơn & quá khứ tiếp diễn)

1. Identify the tenses of the verbs in bold in the sentences (1-6). Then match them to their uses (a-f).

(Xác định thì của động từ in đậm trong các câu (1-6). Sau đó ghép chúng với mục đích sử dụng của chúng (a-f).)

1. _______ When I was young, I often read travel blogs about travelling to Asia.  

2. _______ The tourists left the hotel at 6 p.m. to take a bus to Angkor Wat.

3 _______ John opened his backpack and took his camera out for some photos of Thác Bạc Waterfall.

4. _______ While Jean was driving, Sarah was giving directions from her mobile phone GPS.

5. _______ Steve was walking through the Old Quarter when a man stopped him for directions.

6. _______ At 10 a.m. yesterday, we were sailing around Ha Long Bay.

a. an action that happened at a certain time in the past

b. actions that were happening at the same time in the past

c. a past habit

d. an action that was happening at a definite time in the past

e. actions that happened one after another in the past

f. an action that was happening in the past when another action interrupted it

2. Choose the correct option.

(Chọn phương án đúng.)

1. When I was a child, I often was visiting/visited my grandfather in Hanoi.

2. They were leaving their hotel when the tour bus was arriving/arrived.

3. At 7 o'clock last night, we ate/were eating a delicious meal at a stall in the Old Quarter.

4. Did Janice go/Was Janice going to Malaysia last summer?

5. Calvin was reading a guidebook while Jill took/was taking pictures.

6. I didn't see/wasn't seeing the ancient city yesterday.

7. Samantha went online, found a boat tour and booked/was booking it straight away.

3. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous.

(Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Quá khứ đơn hoặc Quá khứ tiếp diễn.)

1. At 9 a.m. yesterday, they ________ (not/shop) at the street market.

2. We left the museum and ________ (take) a bus to the Independence Palace.

3. We ________ (eat) some delicious street food for dinner last night.

4. I ________ (not/travel) very often when I was a child.

5. Jeanie was sleeping on the train to Sa Pa Town while Mark ________ (look) at the map.

6. We ________ (wait) for the tour bus when it started to rain.

4. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous. Then complete the short answers.

(Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Quá khứ đơn hoặc Quá khứ tiếp diễn. Sau đó hoàn thành các câu trả lời ngắn.)

1. A: ____________________ (Kelly/visit) the Temple of Literature when she was in Hanoi?

    B: Yes, she ________ .

2. A: ____________________ (Mark and Carle/tour) Mai Châu Valley at 9 o'clock this morning?

    B: No, they ________ .

3. A: ____________________ (Allison/take) photos of Fansipan Mountain when you saw her?

    B: No, she ________ .

4. A: ____________________ (architect Jules Bourard/design) the Notre Dame Cathedral of Saigon?

    B: Yes, he ________ .

5. A: What ____________________ (you/do) while Jack was packing his bag?

    B: I ____________________ (book) tickets online.

5. Complete the sentences so that they are true for you. Tell your partner.

(Hoàn thành các câu sao cho chúng đúng với bạn. Nói với bạn của bạn.)

1. At 8 o'clock last night, __________________ .

2. Two days ago, __________________ .

3. Last summer, __________________ .

4. At 7 a.m. yesterday, I __________________ while __________________ .

5. When I was at primary school, __________________ .

Past Simple & Past Continuous

(Quá khứ đơn & Quá khứ tiếp diễn)

1. Choose the correct option.

(Chọn phương án đúng.)

1 ___________ in Hanoi yesterday?

A Was Joe arriving

B Joe was arriving

C Joe arrived

D Did Joe arrive

2 I was shopping while Amy ___________ for a hotel.

A was looking

B looks

C looked

D looking

3 We ___________ over Cambodia at 10:00 yesterday morning.

A flew

B were flying

C was flying

D fly

4 When I was a child, we always ___________ to the mountains in the summer.

A went

B were going

C did go

D go

5 Robin ___________ his suitcase when I called him.

A didn't pack

B isn't packing

C wasn't packing

D didn't packing

6 Amy went online and ___________ her plane ticket.

A book

B was booking

C booked

D is booking

2. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous.

(Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Quá khứ đơn hoặc Quá khứ tiếp diễn.)

Last summer, we 1) ___________ (visit) Italy on holiday. Our plane landed at the airport on a sunny afternoon and we 2) ___________ (start) driving to our hotel in the mountains. While we 3) ___________ (drive), the sky began to get darker and darker. When we arrived at the hotel, the rain 4) ___________ (fall) all around us. While dad was checking into the hotel, mum and I 5) ___________ (run) from the car to the door with our suitcases. We got very wet!

"6) ___________ (you/look) at the weather forecast before you travelled here?" the hotel manager asked us. "No, we 7) ___________ (not/check) it," we replied. "We 8) ___________ (think) the weather was always warm and sunny in Italy in summer!""I'm afraid not," she said. "Up here in the mountains, we get sun, wind and rain all in one day!"

Past tense contrast

1. Complete the table with the -ing form, past simple and past participle form of the verbs.

(Hoàn thành bảng với dạng -ing, quá khứ đơn và quá khứ phân từ của động từ.)

3. Some of the verb forms and tenses in the sentences are incorrect. Rewrite them correctly. Tick the correct sentences.

(Một số dạng động từ và thì trong câu không chính xác. Viết lại chúng một cách chính xác. Đánh dấu vào câu đúng.)

1   Why did you be angry with Mary? ☐

      _________________________________

2   Had you eaten before you went out? ☐

      _________________________________

3   I couldn’t go out until I had did my homework. ☐

      _________________________________

4   It wasn’t rain when we left the house. ☐

      _________________________________

5   I wasn’t feeling well this morning. ☐

      _________________________________

4. Write the negative and interrogative form of the sentences.

(Viết dạng phủ định và nghi vấn của câu.)

1   Jason had been to Italy.

(Jason đã đến Ý.)

     Jason hadn’t been to Italy.

(Jason chưa từng đến Ý.)

    Had Jason been to Italy?

(Jason đã đến Ý chưa?)

2   Tom grew up in London.

      _______________________________

      _______________________________

3   Her parents split up last year.

      _______________________________

      _______________________________

4   Harry was living in Scotland.

      _______________________________

      _______________________________

5. Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use the past simple, past continuous or past perfect.

(Hoàn thành câu với các động từ dưới đây. Sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn, quá khứ tiếp diễn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành.)

1   I couldn’t pay for the pizzas because I ____________ my money at home.

2   I put on my coat and ____________

3   You didn’t understand the question because you ____________

4   When we woke up, everything was white because it ____________ during the night.

6. Complete the text with the verbs in brackets. Use the past simple, past continuous or past perfect.

(Hoàn thành đoạn văn với động từ trong ngoặc. Sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn, quá khứ tiếp diễn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành.)

When Sarah Knauss ¹____________ (die) on 30 December 1999, she ²____________ (live) in Pennsylvania, USA, where she ³____________ (spend) all her life. At the time of her death, only one person before her ⁴____________  (live) longer. Sarah ⁵____________  (have) one daughter, who ⁶____________ still ____________ (live) when Sarah died.

Past Simple & Past Continuous

(Quá khứ đơn & Quá khứ tiếp diễn)

1. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous.

(Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì Quá khứ đơn hoặc Quá khứ tiếp diễn.)

1 A: They ________ (not/visit) the castle when they were there.

B: I know. They ________ (spend) their holidays on the beach, instead.

2 A: What ________ (you/do) at 9 o'clock yesterday morning?

B: I ________ (take) photos of the Grand Palace.

3 A: You're late. Are you OK?

B: Yes. I ________ (look) around the Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long when I ________ (lose) track of time!

4 A: What time ________ (you/ arrive) in Hanoi yesterday?

B: At 6 o'clock. We ________ (take) a taxi to our hotel, ________ (check in) and ________ (change) our clothes.

5 A: Daniel________ (not/wait) for us at 10 o'clock .

B: It wasn't his fault. When your flight ________ (land), he ________ (still/try) to get to the airport. There was a lot of traffic.

6 A: Faye loves that game on her smartphone.

B: I know. She ________ (play) it while we ________ (sail) around Ha Long Bay. She missed everything!

2. Make complete sentences using the prompts and the Past Simple or the Past Continuous.

(Viết câu hoàn chỉnh bằng cách sử dụng gợi ý và thì Quá khứ đơn hoặc Quá khứ tiếp diễn.)

1 David / film / inside / cathedral / when / camera / stop / working

2 While / you / walk / through / valley / I / have / rest

3 Lucy / walk / around / lake / 6 o'clock / this morning?

4 We / reach / waterfall / and / take / photos / of /it

5 Frank / visit / tomb / two days / ago?

6 I / not / often / visit / my / cousins / when / I / be / child