Types of energy sources (Các loại năng lượng)

1. Listen and read.

(Nghe và đọc)

Lan: Hi, Dad.

Mr Tan: Lan, what are you doing? It's pretty late now.

Lan: I'm doing a project on energy sources. But I don't quite understand what energy is

Mr Tan: Well, it's power that we use to provide us with light, heat or electricity.

Lan: Oh. Where does it come from? Mr Tan: It comes from many different sources like coal, oil, natural gas.... We call them non-renewable sources

Lan: Can it come from the sun, wind or water too?

Mr Tan: Yes, it can. We call those types of energy renewable sources because we cannot run out of them. Renewable means we can easily replace them.

Lan: I get it now.

Mr Tan: You know, some types of energy are cheap and easy to use, but others are more expensive and harder to find…

 a. Read the text and underline the correct title.

(Đọc văn bản và gạch chân chủ đề đúng.)

1. The Advantages of Clean Energy Sources (Lợi ích của năng lượng sạch)

2. Comparing Different Energy Sources (So sánh các nguồn năng lượng khác nhau)

Choosing the best option for energy can be difficult. Coal power is the most popular form of energy today because coal plants aren't expensive to build. However, they can produce a lot of pollution. Other non-renewable energy sources, like natural gas, are cleaner than coal, but they still aren't good for the environment.

Countries are now moving to renewable sources of energy like wind, solar, and hydroelectric power.

Wind and solar power plants are clean and cheap to run, but they aren't cheap to build. Also, wind turbines are noisy and need windy weather to work well, and solar power doesn't work at night. Hydroelectric plants also don't cause pollution, but they can be expensive to build and affect the environment by stopping fish from moving freely. For these reasons, countries and cities usually choose a mix of energy types.

b. Now, read and answer the questions.

(Bây giờ, đọc và trả lời câu hỏi.)

1. Why does the article say coal plants are common? 

(Tại sao đoạn văn nói rằng các nhà máy than là phổ biến?)

2. Why is natural gas better than coal? 

(Tại sao khí đốt tự nhiên tốt hơn than đá?)

3. What are two advantages of wind power plants ? 

(Hai ưu điểm của nhà máy điện gió là gì? )

4. What is a disadvantage of solar power? 

(Bất lợi của năng lượng mặt trời là gì?)

5. What environmental problem does hydroelectric power create?

(Thủy điện tạo ra vấn đề môi trường gì?)

 a. Read Elizabeth's email and circle Windrush City's biggest problem.

(Đọc email của Elizabeth và khoanh tròn vấn đề lớn nhất của thành phố Windrush.)

1. too many wind turbines 

(quá nhiều tuabin gió)

2. too much air pollution 

(ô nhiễm không khí quá nhiều)

3. spending too much money on energy

(tiêu quá nhiều tiền cho năng lượng)

b. Now, read and fill in the blanks.

(Bây giờ, đọc và điền vào chỗ trống.)

1. Elizabeth goes to_________ Secondary School. 

2. She is writing about the________air in the city. 

3. The city gets most of its energy from________. 

4. Wind power is ________to run. 

5. Windrush City will become more_______ if Mayor Adams follows Elizabeth's suggestion. 

 a. You're talking about how to make Blackstone Town greener. In pairs: Read about Blackstone Town. Discuss which energy sources the town should use more or less.

(Bạn đang nói về việc làm thế nào để thị trấn Blackstone xanh hơn. Theo cặp: Đọc về thị trấn Blackstone. Thảo luận nguồn năng lượng thị trấn nên sử dụng nhiều hay ít.)

 Read the text about Midnight City. Choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).

(Đọc đoạn văn về thành phố Midnight. Chọn đáp án đúng (A, B hoặc C).)

MIDNIGHT CITY

At the moment, Midnight City gets over 50% of its energy from (0) non-renewable sources. Twenty percent of its energy comes from coal. It's cheap to use, but it (1) _________ a lot of pollution. It also gets 28% of its energy from nuclear power plants. Nuclear power is clean to run. However, it can be very dangerous. Midnight City also gets 9% of its (2) _________ from natural gas. Natural gas causes some (3) _________ and it is non-renewable. Midnight City could stop using these non-renewable sources and start using (4) _________ renewable energy sources. Solar panels need a lot of sun, but it isn't very sunny in Midnight City. Solar power would not be a good choice. Midnight City is next to a large river and it is very windy there. Wind power (5) _________ hydropower could both be good choices for the city.

Example:

0.

A. non-renewable (không thể tái tạo)

B. new (mới)

C. energy (năng lượng)

1.

A. has (có)

B. causes (gây ra)

C. uses (sử dụng)

2.

A. energy (năng lượng)

B. way (cách thức)

C. plot (mảnh đất)

3.

A. however (tuy nhiên)

B. good (tốt)

C. pollution (ô nhiễm)

4.

A. wonderful (tuyệt vời)

B. clean (sạch)

C. dangerous (nguy hiểm)

5.

A. and (và)

B. however (tuy nhiên)

C. but (nhưng)

1. Look at the pictures. Which energy resources can you see: coal? oil? Natural gas? petrol? Wind power? Solar power? hydro-electric power?

(Nhìn vào những bức tranh. Bạn có thể nhìn thấy những nguồn năng lượng nào: than đá? dầu? Khí tự nhiên? xăng dầu? Năng lượng gió? Năng lượng mặt trời? thủy điện?)

2. Which of the energy resources in Exercise 1 are renewable? non-renewable? Read to check.

(Tài nguyên năng lượng nào trong bài tập 1 có thể tái tạo được? không tái tạo được? Đọc để kiểm tra.)

3. Answer the questions.

(Trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1.  What are fossil fuels?

2. Why is using fossil fuels not good for the environment?

3. What are renewable energy resources?

4. Why should we use renewable energy resources to produce electricity?

5. What can we do to save energy?

 2. What are Lan and her father talking about?

(Lan và bố cô ấy đang nói chuyện gì?)

A. Energy (Năng lượng)

B. Sources (Nguồn)

C. Energy sources (Các nguồn năng lượng)

3. Read the conversation again and answer the following questions.

(Đọc lại đoạn hội thoại và trả lời các câu hỏi sau.)

1. What is Lan doing?

(Lan đang làm gì?)

2. What does energy mean?

(Năng lượng nghĩa là gì?)

3. Where does energy come from?

(Năng lượng đến từ đâu?)

4. What are renewable sources?

(Nguồn có thể tái tạo là gì?)

3. Read the conversation again and answer the following questions.

(Đọc lại đoạn hội thoại và trả lời các câu hỏi sau.)

1. What is Lan doing?

(Lan đang làm gì?)

2. What does energy mean?

(Năng lượng nghĩa là gì?)

3. Where does energy come from?

(Năng lượng đến từ đâu?)

4. What are renewable sources?

(Nguồn có thể tái tạo là gì?)

5. Complete each of the sentences with the correct word from the conversation.

(Hoàn thành mỗi câu với từ đúng trong cuộc hội thoại.)

1. Energy is ___________that we use to provide us with light, heat or electricity.

2. When energy comes from the__________, wind and water, we call it renewable energy.

3. When energy comes from wind, we call it __________energy.

4. We cannot _________ out of renewable energy.

5. Some types of energy are _________and easy to use.

2. Mr Lam is giving a lecture on energy sources. Read the text and choose the best option (A, B, or C) to complete the sentences.

(Ông Lâm đang giảng bài về các nguồn năng lượng. Đọc văn bản và chọn phương án tốt nhất (A, B hoặc C) để hoàn thành các câu.)

Hello, class. Today I'd like to tell you about two energy sources. They are non-renewable sources and renewable sources.

Non-renewable sources are coal, oil and natural gas. We can use these sources to produce energy. They are cheap and easy to use. People use them a lot. But they are very limited and will run out soon.

Renewable sources come from the sun, wind or water. When energy comes from the sun, we call it solar energy. Wind energy comes from the wind, and hydro energy comes from water. Renewable sources are available, clean and safe to use. But they are expensive to produce.

In the future we will rely more on renewable energy sources. They are better for the environment and they will not run out.

1. Non – renewable sources are cheap and _________.

A. available

B. easy to use 

C. expensive

2. _________come from the sun, wind or water.

A. Renewable sources

B. All energy sources

C. Non-renewable sources

3. When energy comes from water, we call it_________.

A. wind energy 

B. solar energy

C. hydro energy 

4. Renewable energy sources are better for_______.

A. the environment 

B. our cars

C. hydro energy

3. Read the text again and answer the questions.

(Đọc lại văn bản và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. How many energy sources are there? What are they?

(Có bao nhiêu nguồn năng lượng? Chúng là gì?)

2. What do non-renewable sources include?

(Các nguồn không tái tạo bao gồm những gì?)

3. What are the advantages of renewable energy?

(Ưu điểm của năng lượng tái tạo là gì?)

4. What will we rely more on in the future?

(Chúng ta sẽ dựa vào điều gì nhiều hơn trong tương lai?)

1. Read the passage and choose the best option (A, B, or C) to complete each sentence.

(Đọc đoạn văn và chọn phương án đúng nhất (A, B hoặc C) để hoàn thành mỗi câu.)

We can use renewable and non-renewable energy sources to make electricity.

Most of our electricity comes from power stations that use fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas. We call them non-renewable sources because they will eventually run out. Unfortunately, burning fossil fuels produces lots of greenhouse gases which cause global warming.

We also use renewable energy sources like the sun, wind and water to make electricity. We can use them again and again because they cannot run out. They do not produce greenhouse gases so they are much less harmful to the environment.

1. Power stations use fossil fuels like _______ to produce electricity.

A. coal, oil and gas        

B. coal and gas              

C. oil and gas

2. Burning fossil fuels produces _______ which cause global warming.

A. greenhouse gases      

B. carbon dioxide          

C. methane

3. We can use the _______ to make electricity.

A. sun and water            

B. sun and wind             

C. sun, wind and water

4. The renewable sources can be used again and again because they ______ .

A. can run out                

B. cannot run out           

C. should run out

5. Renewable sources are _______ harmful to the environment.

A. much more                

B. much less                  

C. not less

2. Read the passage and complete the table.

(Đọc đoạn văn và hoàn thành bảng.)

Our environment is in trouble. People and industries are polluting the air, rivers, lakes and seas. There are many things you can do to help the environment. Here are a few.

Cars: The burning of petroleum is one of the biggest sources of carbon monoxide (CO) that causes global warming. CO thins the ozone layer, which protects us from the sunrays. So try walking, bicycling or using public transportation.

Energy: The biggest use of home energy is for heating and cooling homes.

It costs a lot of money. So don't use air-conditioners too often, especially at night. Replace regular light bulbs with low energy light bulbs, which use less energy.

Water: Showers use a lot of water. Buying a special "low-flow" shower head or taking shorter showers can cut this use in half.

3. Complete the passage with appropriate phrases in the box.

(Hoàn thành đoạn văn bằng các cụm từ thích hợp trong hộp.)

We use energy for almost everything we do: for heating our homes, cooking our meals and (1) ________ The use of energy is (2) ________ worldwide. It is responsible for many recent floods, droughts and storms.

What should we do to avoid these problems? Firstly, we should (3) ________ before going to bed or when going out. Secondly, we should use (4) ________ at home.

Thirdly, we should (5) ________ to school. In conclusion, we should use energy more wisely for our future.

4. Read the passage and decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F). (1.0 pt)

(Đọc đoạn văn và quyết định xem câu trả lời đúng (T) hay sai (F). (1,0 điểm)

There are three major forms of fossil fuels: coal, oil and natural gas. We call them non-renewable energy sources because fossil fuels take millions of years to form and they are running out. What will happen when there is no coal, oil and natural gas on earth?

Scientists are trying to find and use other alternative sources of energy. We can use energy from the sun, wind and water.

We can also save fossil fuels by conserving energy. One simple way to do this is to turn off electrical appliances that we are not using. We can also turn off lights when no one is in the room. Another way is to travel by bike or walk instead of driving cars or motorbikes.

2. Read the article. Complete the sentences with the words from the article.

 (Đọc bài báo. Hoàn thành các câu với các từ trong bài báo.)

1 Alternative energy sources are not the result of                of fossil fuels.

2                     fuels make use of daily waste products.

3 Besides generating electricity, geothermal energy also                   homes.

4                    contain both thermal energy and mechanical energy.

Alternative energy sources

3. Read the article again. Write true or false. 

(Đọc lại bài báo một lần nữa và lựa chọn đúng hay sai.) 

1 We must burn fossil fuels to get energy.

2 Biomass fuels don’t include farm products.

3 They also use geothermal energy to heat homes in the capital of Iceland.

4 Only tides in oceans can produce electricity.

5. Complete the sentences. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the article for each answer.

(Hoàn thiện các câu. Các từ được lấy từ trong bài báo và không được vượt quá ba từ cho mỗi câu trả lời.)

1. Alternative energy sources are usually                 because we do not burn them.

2.                 include grains, agricultural crops and aquatic plants.

3. They can make use of the heat from               to generate electricity.

4. OTEC changes                  into electricity.

 Read the text. Choose the correct answer (A, B, or C).

(Đọc văn bản. Chọn câu trả lời đúng (A, B hoặc C).)

Energy Sources

Melissa Valentine, October 10

I just finished a report about different types of energy for school. First, we found out about different types of energy. Next, we had to find out if they are renewable or non-renewable. 

Renewable energies, like wind power, solar power, and hydropower, will never run out. We can use them again and again. Coal power and natural gas are non-renewable energy sources. One day there will be no more coal or gas to use. They will run out. 

Our city uses a lot of coal and natural gas. We don't use a lot of renewable energy. I think we should try our best to help save the environment, so we should use more renewable energy sources in our city. I want to find out how I can help to make a change!

1. What does Melissa say renewable energy is? 

A. energy that won't run out   

B. energy that doesn't cause pollution

C. solar power

2. What does Melissa say about coal?

A. The city needs more of it.

B. It causes pollution.

C. It's non-renewable.

3. What energy source does Melissa's city mainly use? 

A. solar and wind power 

B. natural gas and coal 

 C. renewable energy

4. What does Melissa want to do?

A. use solar power

B. find out how to help

C. write to the mayor

a. Read the text. What's the best title?

(Đọc văn bản. Tiêu đề tốt nhất là gì?)

1. The Change from Non-Renewable to Renewable Energy

(Sự thay đổi từ năng lượng không tái tạo sang năng lượng tái tạo)

2. The Use of Energy Sources: Before and Now

(Việc sử dụng các nguồn năng lượng: Trước đây và bây giờ)

Energy is an important part of our life. Many centuries ago, people used wood and other plant materials to cook food and keep them warm in the winter. In 1850, nearly 90%* of the energy was from wood. Then in the late 19th century, coal became the biggest source of energy. After that, people started to use more oil and natural gas. From 1960 to 2000, oil became the main source of energy. In the 1990s, the world got 37%* of its energy from oil. In 2005, gas provided 22%* of the world's energy use. Coal, oil, and natural gas are still the main energy sources in the 21" century, but they're non-renewable and cause lots of pollution. Now, many countries are using more renewable energy sources like wind power, solar power, and hydropower. These sources of energy are clean and are becoming cheaper to build.

b. Now, read and choose the answers.

(Bây giờ, hãy đọc và chọn câu trả lời.)

1. What source of energy did people use the most in the late 19th century?

a. wood                                  

b. coal                                    

c. natural gas

2. When did oil become the most popular source of energy?

a. from 2000                           

b. before 1960                        

c. between 1960 and 2000

3. How much energy did we get from oil in the 1990s?

a. 37%                                    

b. 22%                                    

c. nearly 90%

4. What energy sources do we use most now?

a. coal and hydropower          

b. solar power and oil            

c. coal, oil, and natural gas

5. What sources of energy are many countries switching to?

a. natural gas                          

b. wind and solar power         

c. hydropower and oil

a. Read Jane's email and circle the best summary.

(Đọc email của Jane và khoanh tròn bản tóm tắt hay nhất.)

1. Oil is too expensive for Blackford

(Dầu quá đắt đối với Blackford)

2. How to make Blackford more eco-friendly

(Cách làm cho Blackford thân thiện hơn với môi trường)

To: mayorjohnson@blackfordtownhall.org

Subject: Energy in Blackford

Dear Mayor Johnson,

My name is Jane Smith and I am a student at Blackford High School. I am writing about the pollution in our town. I would like to suggest ways to make Blackford town cleaner and more eco-friendly. We get 80% of our energy from oil. Oil power plants cause a lot of air pollution. The air is terrible in Blackford. I think we should change to hydropower. It is renewable and clean. We can use the river that runs through our town. It will reduce air pollution and make Blackford a better place to live.

Thank you for reading this.

Sincerely,

Jane Smith

b. Read and answer the questions.

(Đọc và trả lời câu hỏi.)

1. Who is Jane writing to?

(Jane đang viết thư cho ai?)

2. How much energy does Blackford get from oil?

(Blackford thu được bao nhiêu năng lượng từ dầu mỏ?)

3. What energy source does Jane suggest to use?

(Jane đề nghị sử dụng nguồn năng lượng nào?)

4. What runs through Blackford?

(Cái gì chạy qua Blackford?)