a. Listen and repeat. (Nghe và lặp lại.)

Meaning and Use (Ý nghĩa và Cách sử dụng) Articles are the words a, an, and the. They come before nouns and are used to define if something is specific or general. (Các mạo từ là các từ a, an và the. Chúng đứng trước danh từ và được sử dụng để chỉ một cái gì đó cụ thể hoặc chung chung.) For some nouns or noun phrases, we don't use an article. We call this the zero article. (Đối với một số danh từ hoặc cụm danh từ, chúng ta không sử dụng mạo từ. Chúng ta gọi đây là mạo từ rỗng.) Have you ever been to a basketball game? (Bạn đã bao giờ đi xem một trận bóng rổ chưa?) Yes, I went to the basketball championship game last year. (Vâng, tôi đã tham dự trận đấu vô địch bóng rổ năm ngoái.) Let's go and play basketball in the park. (Hãy đi và chơi bóng rổ trong công viên.)

Form (Cấu trúc)

 

the: before singular, plural, or uncountable nouns (the: trước danh từ số ít, số nhiều hoặc không đếm được)	It is clear from the situation which one(s) we mean or there is only one of that thing. (Rõ ràng là ta muốn nói đến một (các) tình huống nào hoặc chỉ có một trong số đó.)	Let's eat at the restaurant. (Hãy ăn ở nhà hàng.) (We can see only one restaurant.) (Ta chỉ có thể thấy một nhà hàng.) There are great views of the river. (Có tầm nhìn tuyệt vời ra sông.) (Usually, there's only one river in a town or city.) (Thông thường, chỉ có một con sông trong một thị trấn hoặc thành phố.)
	We have mentioned it/them before. (Ta đã đề cập đến nó/ chúng trước đây.)	I bought a ticket to see a concert in Brazil. (Tôi đã mua một vé để xem một buổi hòa nhạc ở Brazil.) The concert was fantastic. (Buổi hòa nhạc thật tuyệt vời.)
	We say which ones we mean later in the sentence. (Ta đề cập đến cái ta muốn nhắc đến sau đó trong câu.)	Tell Tom about the castle we visited yesterday. (Kể cho Tom nghe về lâu đài mà chúng ta đã đến thăm ngày hôm qua.)
a/an: before singular, countable nouns (a/an: trước số ít, danh từ đếm được)	We can use this when we talk about one thing that isn't specific or we are mentioning for the first time. (Ta có thể sử dụng mạo từ này khi ta nói về một điều không cụ thể hoặc đề cập đến lần đầu tiên.)	There is a great museum in that town. (Có một bảo tàng tuyệt vời trong thị trấn đó.) I visited an aquarium yesterday. (Tôi đã đến thăm một thủy cung ngày hôm qua.)
zero article (mạo từ rỗng)	When we talk about things in general. (Khi ta nói về những điều chung chung.)	I like castles. (Use the plural or uncountable form when generalizing not a castle.)  (Tôi thích lâu đài. (Sử dụng hình thức số nhiều hoặc không đếm được khi khái quát không phải là một lâu đài.))
	When we talk about sports, games, meals, and school subjects. (Khi ta nói về thể thao, trò chơi, bữa ăn và các môn học ở trường.)	Let's have dinner. (Đi ăn tối nào.) Let's play soccer. (Hãy đi chơi bóng đá.)
	When we use names of people, villages, cities, and countries. (Khi chúng ta sử dụng tên người, làng, thành phố và quốc gia.)	I visited Paris yesterday. (Tôi đã đến thăm Paris ngày hôm qua.) I went to Japan last week. (Tôi đã đến Nhật Bản vào tuần trước.)

2. Read the Learn this! box. Complete the rules with a/ an, the, or no article(-).

(Đọc hộp Learn this! Hoàn thành các quy tắc với a/an, the hoặc không có mạo từ.)

LEARN THIS! Articles

a. We use (1) _____ to talk about something for the first time.

There’s a interactive whiteboard in our classroom.

b. We use (2) _____ when we mention something again.

Our teacher often uses the interactive whiteboard

c. We use (3) _____ when it is clear what we are talking about, or when there is only one of something.

We play basketball in the gym. (The gym at school)

The sun is shining.

d. We use (4) _____ to say what someone's job is.

My mum's a teacher.

e. Note these set phrases

- (5) _____: listen to the radio, go to the cinema, play the guitar

- (6) _____: watch TV. listen to music, in/ to bed, to/ at / from school, at home / work, in hospital

3. Read the text in exercise 2 again. Match each of the highlighted words with a rule in the Learn this! box.

(Đọc đoạn văn trong bài 2 lần nữa. Nối mỗi từ được đánh dấu với một quy tắc trong hộp Learn this! box.)

4. Complete the dialogue. Use a/an or the. Explain your choices.

(Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại. Sử dụng a/an hoặc the. Giải thích lựa chọn của bạn.)

Martha: I go to school (1) the city centre.

Jake: Really? What’s (2) _____ name of (3) _____ school?

Martha: St Mark’s. It’s (4) _____ private school.

Jake: I know (5) _____ girl who goes there. Alice Smith.

Martha: There’s (6) _____ Alice Smith in my class. I wonder if it’s (7) _____ same one.

Jake: She's got blue eyes, long wavy hair and (8) _____ nice smile.

Martha: That's her! Which school do you go to?

Jake: Hadfield College.

Martha: Oh. My dad's (9) _____ maths teacher there: John Chapman.

Jake: You're joking! He's my teacher!

5. Read the Look out! box. Are the sentences below generalisations or not? Circle the correct words.

(Đọc hộp Chú ý! Những câu bên dưới có phải là câu khái quát hóa không? Khoanh tròn vào cụm từ đúng.)

LOOK OUT!

We do not use “the” when we make generalisations.

I don't like history. (the history)

I like playing basketball at school. (the basketball)

1. Dogs /The dogs are more intelligent than cats /the cats.

2. Weather /The weather is nice today.

ID. Articles (Mạo từ)

6. Complete the sentences with a/ an, the or no article.

(Hoàn thành các câu với a, an/ the hoặc để trống.)

1. There's _ zoo and _ wildlife park near my home, but_ wildlife park isn't open in the winter.

2. Don't use_ DVD player, it's broken.

3. Can you pass me my sunglasses, please? They're on _ table

4. I've got _ computer and _ laptop, but I have to share _ laptop with my brother.

5. My sister is at _ home. She's playing _ guitar.

6. My dad is _ teacher and my mum is _ doctor.

7. There's _ CD player in my room so I can lie in _ bed and listen to music.

8. Do you want to go to _ cinema this evening, or watch _ TV at home?

7. Complete the sentences with the or no article. Remember: we do not use the with generalisations...

(Hoàn thành các câu sau với the hoặc để trống: Nhớ rằng ta không dùng the với các danh từ khái quát.)

1. Children need _ milk for healthy teeth and bones.

2. I love the UK, but I don't like _ weather here.

3. On holiday, I prefer to stay in _ nice hotels.

4. I'm not a sports fan, but _ table tennis is fun.

5. It's freezing, but the children are enjoying _ snow.

6. At school, students learn how to use _ computers.

7. I'm not interested in _ science fiction films.

8. These dancers are great but I don't really like _ music.

b. Fill in the blanks using a, an, the, or the zero article Ø. (Điền vào chỗ trống bằng cách sử dụng mạo từ a, an, the hoặc mạo từ rỗng Ø.)

1. When you visit Paris, you should have __Ø__  dinner at the top of the Eiffel Tower.

2. In this town, there is a big theater and museum. __________ museum is very interesting.

3. I really want to visit __________ London because I want to see Big Ben.

4. Going to see __________ lions in Africa would be so exciting.

5. I want to go to __________ art gallery when we visit London next month.

6. __________ town we visited yesterday was really beautiful.

7. Lots of people want to visit __________ Leaning Tower of Pisa when they travel to Italy.

c. Match the articles in Task b. with their uses. Write the numbers 1-7 in the blanks. (Ghép các bài trong Task b. với công dụng của chúng. Viết các số từ 1-7 vào ô trống.)

___ there's only one

___ it was mentioned before

___ talking about things in general

___ before names of people, countries, cities, towns

_1_ talking about sports, games, meals, school subjects

___ saying which one we mean later in the sentence

___ one thing that isn't specific

Circle the correct answers.

(Khoanh tròn các câu trả lời đúng.)

1. We went to a/Ø café in Landmark 81, a/the tallest building in Ho Chi Minh City. The view from a/the café was amazing.

2. It was raining/rained in the morning when we were leaving/left our home.

3. We went for a walk along the beach. While we were walking/walked, we were finding/found a box buried in the sand.

4. Nam: Do you have any plans for tonight?

    Ben: Yes. I am going to/will do this e-learning course about coding.

5. I think artificial intelligence is going to/will replace jobs in the future.

6. Complete each gap with the or - .

(Hoàn thành mỗi chỗ trống với “the” hoặc “-“.)

1. They spent three months trekking in __________ Himalayas.

2. Pollution is affecting the stones of __________ Taj Mahal in India.

3. I learned a lot from __________ Bình, our tour guide.

4. __________ Forest Floor Lodge is an eco-friendly hotel.

5. How long have you lived in __________ Ho Chi Minh City?

6. This is the palace where __________ King of France lived.

3. Read the LANGUAGE FOCUS. Put a, an, the in the appropriate place. Some sentences require two articles. 

(Đọc TRỌNG TÂM NGÔN NGỮ. Đặt a, an, the vào vị trí thích hợp. Một số câu yêu cầu hai mạo từ.)

1. Has your family ever Cooked bánh chưng for Tết holidays?

2. Do you want to join the house-warming party next week? 

3. I went on tour to Hùng King Temple. 

4. We need to take some fruits to the temple. So, I'll take apples and oranges. 

5. I went to traditional Vietnamese wedding last week. bride and groom were really happy. 

4. Read the dialogue and circle the correct choice (0 means there is no article). 

Mai: I'm glad you came over. Would you like 1. (a / an / the / 0) cup of tea? 

Ryan: Oh, no thanks. I don't drink 2. (a / an / the / 0) tea. But I'll have 3. (a / an / the / 0) iced-coffee, if you have one. 

Mai: Sure. How was your trip to Hà Nội? Did you see 4. (a /an/ the / 0) Temple of Literature? 

Ryan: I didn't get a chance to see it, but I did see 5. (a / an the / 0) Hương Pagoda Festival. 

Mai: Oh, how was it? 

Ryan: It was fantastic. I saw 6. (a / an/ the / 0) boat race and a procession.

4. Read the text about Tết Festival and write a, an, the, or 0. 

(Đọc văn bản về Tết và điền các mạo từ  a, an, the, hoặc 0.)

Tết Festival is (1)____  most important holiday in Việt Nam. It is (2) ____time for family gatherings. Vietnamese prepare for this special day by cleaning and decorating their homes. People also visit (3) ____temples and pagodas during this time to pray for a good year. There are not many people in (4) ____big cities, because most of them have come back to their hometowns. During Tết, (5) ____interesting place to visit is Ngoc Son Temple. 

Choose the best answer to complete the sentence below.

We are looking for _______ place to spend ________ night.

1. Match sentences a-f with uses of the article or no article (1-6).

(Ghép câu a-f với cách sử dụng mạo từ hoặc không có mạo từ (1-6).)

1. it is clear what we are talking about
2. saying what someone’s job is
3. something mentioned for the first time
4. the only one of something
5. a generalization
6. something mentioned for the second time

 a. There is a strange man in our street.

 b. Chad has a new car. The car is black and silver.

 c. The moon is very bright tonight.

 d. We meet in the café after school.

 e. Gemma is a shop assistant.

 f. I’m really interested in (-) science.

2. Complete the gaps with the or no article (-).

(Hoàn thành các khoảng trống với mạo từ “the” hoặc không có mạo từ (-).)

1. I enjoy walking in __________ rain – it’s so peaceful.

2. Some young people don’t see __________ point of studying __________ history.

3. I’ll meet you at __________ railway station at 6 o’clock.

4. Do you like __________ action films?

5. I don’t like to see __________ young children playing __________ violent sports like rugby.

6. It’s likely I’ll be late for __________ school tomorrow.

7. I love __________ food in this restaurant, but then I always enjoy __________ Italian food.

8. All over __________world, __________ people have similar problems.

3. Complete the gaps with a / an, the or no article (-).

(Hoàn thành các khoảng trống với mạo từ “a / an / the” hoặc không có mạo từ (-).)

1. This is ___________ school where I study English.

2. She has ___________nice car, but she wants a better one.

3. Do you watch ___________ TV often?

4. There is ___________interesting article in ___________ newspaper.

5. I want to go to ___________cinema this evening.

6. I like watching ___________ baseball.

7. She is in ___________ hospital because she had ___________ accident.

8. Julie’s mum is ___________ doctor.

9. It is so nice to see ___________ sun again!

10. Is it time to go to ___________ bed already?

4. Complete the gaps with a / an, the or no article (-).

(Hoàn thành các khoảng trống với mạo từ “a / an / the” hoặc không có mạo từ (-).)

Hi Mason,

How are you? Are you enjoying (1)___________ winter holiday?

You asked about my school, so I’ll tell you a bit about it. It’s (2)___________ very old building – they built (3)___________ ‘new’ part in 1930! It’s very nice inside, though. (4)___________ classrooms are bright and clean, and some of them have interactive whiteboards. Of course, everyone wants to use (5)___________ classrooms with (6)___________ new whiteboards! We have lovely playing fields near the school, but there isn’t (7)___________ swimming pool.

I looked up your school online, and it looks like (8)___________ very new building from (9)___________ photographs I saw. Do you like it there?

Write to me soon.

Best wishes,

Tom

Choose the best answer. 

Lien often plays __________ piano for the handicapped in her free time.

Species become extinct or endangered for _______ number of reasons, but the primary cause is the destruction of habitat by human activities.

a. Circle the correct article (a/an/the/zero articleφ)

(Khoanh tròn vào bài viết đúng (a/an/the/zero φ)

1. A/The Taj Mahal in India is a World Heritage Site.

2. The/φ Australia is famous for its wildlife.

3. The/A castle, which was completed in 1886, is the most photographed place in Germany.

4. φ/A Mountains in the UK are not very high.

5. I went to a museum and an art gallery in Moscow. The/φ museum was very interesting.

6. Watching φ/the soccer is very popular in Spain.

7. I went to a museum and φ/an art gallery in Berlin. The art gallery was great.

8. I like the/φ sightseeing.

b. Write the correct article (a,an,the,φ) in each sentence.

(Viết thành bài đúng (a, an, the,φ) trong mỗi câu.)

1. _____ presents for my family, which I bought in Spain, were really nice.

2. I visited _____ Great Wall when I went to China.

3. Going to see _____ play in New York can be really fun.

4. I want to go to ____ New Zealand because it’s so beautiful.

5. ____ flying is the quickest way to travel internationally.

6. Having _____ dinner at the top of the Eiffel Tower would be so romantic.

7. _____ museum, which is in Great Russel Street, is the most popular in the UK.

8. I went to a museum in Japan and was surprised because ______ museum was so interesting.

4. Fill in each gap with the or -.

(Điền vào mỗi khoảng trống bằng the hoặc không có mạo từ.)

1 Do you know where ___ Rocky Mountain are?

2 He always stays at ___ Hilton Hotel when he visits Chicago.

3.___ Amazon is the largest river in ___ South America.

4 I read about eco-holidays in___ Guardian newspaper.

5 Charles Darwin sailed to ____ Galápagos Islands on his ship, ____Beagle.

6 ___ Hawaii is a group of islands which are part of ___ United States.

7 The best time to see ___ Taj Mahal is early in ____ morning.

8 For some foreigners, ___ Japanese language is hard to learn. However, ___ Vietnamese is even harder.

9 Go to ___ Costa Rica if you want to see wildlife. Its capital city is ___ San Jose.

10 ____ Ward Hunt Ice Shelf in ____ Arcticis home to animals such as ____ polar bear.

41. Fill in each gap with the or-

(Điền vào khoảng trống với the hoặc -)

DID YOU KNOW?

FASCINATING NATURE

1 ___________ gorillas sleep 14 hours a day?

2 ___________ New Zealand is home to 70 million sheep?

3 ___________ Sun is 300,000 times larger than our planet?

4 ___________ Mount Everest is ten times taller than Burj Khalifa, the world's tallest building in Dubai?

5 ___________ Dead Sea is 400m below sea level?

6 ___________ Amazon River is 6,400 kilometres long?

1. Complete the sentences with a or an. 

(Hoàn thành các câu với a hoặc an.)

1. We need ____ big bunch of bananas and some other fruits to make offerings to our ancestors. 

2. It's raining heavily so I've decided to take ______ taxi to work. 

3. There is ______ wine bottle in the gift basket. 

4. Thảo is really happy when she can find ______ interesting book to read. 

5. I often have _________ sandwich and apple every morning. 

6. A football player always wears _________ uniform in a football match. 

7. I got ________ MP3 player for my birthday last year. 

8. Remember to bring _______ raincoat with you in case it rains.

2. Complete the sentences with a, an or the. 

(Hoàn thành các câu với a, an hoặc the.)

1. Tina: Linh, tell me about _______ Hungry Ghost Festival in your country! 

Linh: Alright. 

2. I went to _________ Vietnamese wedding last week, and I saw a lot of women wearing áo dài. 

3. ________bride and _________ groom in the picture looked really happy. 

4. I've read about the Đền Gióng Festival and it's _________ interesting event. 

5. Ngân is planning the menu for ________  housewarming party this weekend. 

6. _______ Đền Hùng Festival takes place from the 8th to the 11th day of the third lunar month. 

7. Have you ever seen ________ hungry ghost? 

8. My mom has just bought ______new dress for her 30th wedding anniversary. 

9. My parents talked for ____________ hour just about whether to buy ______  peach tree or _______ kumquat tree for this Tết holiday. 

10. My dad often listens to _______ news on ______ radio.

3. Find and correct the mistakes.

(Tìm và sửa những lỗi sai)

1. Tet is a most important holiday in Vietnam.

2. During Tết, the big cities are not very crowded as always, because many people have come back to their hometowns.

3. When you come home, can you buy the packet of sugar? We've run out of it.

4. There is a umbrella in the corner of the room. You can take it.

5. Mrs. Nhung, my neighbor, has just bought a expensive car.

6. Look at oranges on this tree! They are really big.

7. I have just bought a shirt and a tie. A shirt is blue and a tie is black.

8. We had a very nice meal. Salad tasted so well.

4. Read the dialogue and circle the correct choice. (0 means there is no article.) 

(Đọc đoạn đối thoại và khoanh tròn vào lựa chọn đúng. (0 nghĩa là không có .)

Lisa: Mommy, can I eat ( (1)  a /an/ the / 0) cake? I see some on ( (2)  a /an/ the / 0) table? They look tasty. 

Mom: Oh, dear. We call them mooncakes. We need to offer them to ( (3) a /an/ the / 0) ancestors before you can eat them. 

Lisa: Why, mommy? 

Mom: It's to show respect. Darling, you were born in ( (4)  a / an/ the / 0) UK and we just went back to Việt Nam last month, so it will take time for you to know about our customs. Now, I'll tell you about ((5) a /an/ the / 0) Mid-Autumn Festival. 

Lisa: OK.

Mom: It's ((6) a /an/ the / 0) important festival in Việt Nam. We often make or buy ((7) a / an / the / 0) mooncakes on these days. And children are often bought ((8) a /an/ the / 0) lanterns and masks to play with friends. 

Lisa: Oh, I haven't got any. 

Mom: So let's go to the market and you can choose ( (9) a /an / the / 0) lantern and ((10) a /an/ the / 0) mask. 

Lisa: Great! Love you, mommy!

6. Complete the sentences with the correct articles a, an, the or 0. 

(Hoàn thành các câu với các bài đúng a, an, the hoặc 0.)

1. There is___ orange, _____apple, and _____banana in the fruit basket. 

2. I've read about _____Mid-Autumn Festival in Việt Nam. People often eat _____mooncakes during this festival. 

3. Remember to turn off ___lights when you leave ____room. 

4. My sister wishes to study in ___ UK but I just want to study in _____Việt Nam. 

5. We need _____big bunch of bananas and some other fruits to make____ offerings to our ancestors.