3.1 Speculating and predicting

(Suy đoán và dự đoán)

We use will / won't to make predictions.

We'll send people to Mars in the near future.

Liverpool won't win the Champions League this year.

We can use phrases with will / won't to make the predictions stronger or weaker.

• I think / I don't think / I doubt / I'm not sure + will (but not won't)

I don't think she'll come to the party.

NOT I think she won't...X

I doubt she'll come to the party.

NOT I doubt she won't...X

• I'm certain / I'm sure + will / won't

I'm certain she'll come to the party.

I'm sure she won't come to the party.

We can also use adverbs such as probably and definitely with will and won't.

She'll definitely come to the party.

She probably won't come to the party.

We use may / might / could + the infinitive without to to talk about future possibilities.

My phone may / might / could be in my bedroom.

We use may not / might not for the negative, to say that it is possible that something will not happen. We don't use could not.

My phone may not / might not be in my bedroom.

NOT My phone could not be in my bedroom X

Tạm dịch

Chúng ta sử dụng will/won't để đưa ra dự đoán.

Chúng tôi sẽ đưa người lên sao Hỏa trong tương lai gần.

Liverpool sẽ không vô địch Champions League năm nay.

Chúng ta có thể sử dụng các cụm từ với will/won't để làm cho các dự đoán mạnh hơn hoặc yếu hơn.

• Tôi nghĩ / Tôi không nghĩ / Tôi nghi ngờ / Tôi không chắc + will (không dùng won’t)

Tôi không nghĩ cô ấy sẽ đến bữa tiệc.

KHÔNG DÙNG, tôi nghĩ cô ấy sẽ không...X

Tôi nghi ngờ cô ấy sẽ đến bữa tiệc.

KHÔNG DÙNG, tôi nghi ngờ cô ấy sẽ không...X

• Tôi chắc chắn / tôi chắc chắn + will / won’t

Tôi chắc chắn cô ấy sẽ đến bữa tiệc.

Tôi chắc rằng cô ấy sẽ không đến bữa tiệc.

Chúng ta cũng có thể sử dụng các trạng từ như có lẽ và chắc chắn với will và won’t.

Cô ấy chắc chắn sẽ đến bữa tiệc.

Cô ấy có lẽ sẽ không đến bữa tiệc.

Chúng ta sử dụng may/might/could + động từ nguyên thể không có to để nói về những khả năng xảy ra trong tương lai.

Điện thoại của tôi có thể / có lẽ ở trong phòng ngủ của tôi.

Chúng ta sử dụng may not / might not cho câu phủ định, để nói rằng có khả năng một điều gì đó sẽ không xảy ra. Chúng ta không dùng could not.

Điện thoại của tôi có thể không / có lẽ không ở trong phòng ngủ của tôi.

KHÔNG DÙNG Điện thoại của tôi không thể ở trong phòng ngủ của tôi X

 

1 USE OF ENGLISH Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first. Use the words in brackets.

(Hoàn thành câu thứ hai để nó có cùng nghĩa với câu thứ nhất. Sử dụng các từ trong ngoặc.)

1 Wendy probably won't eat with us.

(Wendy có lẽ sẽ không ăn với chúng tôi.)

I don't think Wendy will eat with us. (don't think)

(Tôi không nghĩ Wendy sẽ ăn cùng chúng ta.)

2 I'm certain you'll pass all your exams.

You ____________________ (definitely)

3 I don't think it'll rain tomorrow.

I ____________________. (doubt)

4 You'll definitely enjoy the film.

I ____________________ (sure)

5 It's possible that Ben will come round later. Ben

Ben ____________________(might)

6 I might not go to school tomorrow.

I ____________________ (may)

7 George will probably know the answer.

I ____________________(think)

8 I doubt we'll go away this summer.

We ____________________(probably)

4. SPEAKING Work in pairs. Make predictions about your partner's future life using the prompts. Use will/may/ might/could and phrases from the Learn this! box above. Your partner says if he/she agrees or not.

(Làm việc theo cặp. Đưa ra dự đoán về cuộc sống tương lai của đối tác của bạn bằng cách sử dụng gợi ý. Sử dụng will/may/might/could và các cụm từ từ Learn this! ở phía trên cái. Đối tác của bạn nói nếu anh ấy / cô ấy đồng ý hay không.)

1 What/study at university? (Học gì ở đại học?)

2 When/leave home? (Khi nào rời khỏi nhà?)

3 What job/do? (Công việc làm gì?)

4 When/ get married? (Khi nào kết hôn?)

5 How many children / have? (Có bao nhiêu con?)

6 What type of car/drive? (Lái xe loại nào?)

A: I think you'll study maths at university.

(Tôi nghĩ bạn sẽ học toán ở trường đại học.)

B: No, I definitely won't study maths. I might study history.

(Không, tôi chắc chắn sẽ không học toán. Tôi có lẽ học lịch sử.)

1. Look at the table. Then write sentences using the prompts.

(Nhìn vào bảng. Sau đó viết câu sử dụng gợi ý.)

1 it / rain / tomorrow (70%)

It might rain tomorrow.

(Trời có thể mưa vào ngày mai.)

2 1/ go to bed late tonight (0%)

________________________

3 Tom / pass all his exams (100%)

________________________

4 Lisa / go to the doctor's tomorrow (70%)

________________________

5 I / get the answer right (40%)

________________________

6 Fred / see his girlfriend this weekend (90%)

________________________

7 Jade / play computer games this evening (0%)

________________________

2. USE OF ENGLISH Rewrite the sentence so that it has a similar meaning using the word in brackets.

(Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa tương tự, sử dụng từ trong ngoặc.)

1 I doubt scientists will find a cure for cancer in the near future. (probably)

___________________________________________

2 I'm certain that doctors won't find a cure for the common cold. (definitely)

___________________________________________

3 It's possible that millions of people will get ill from the flu virus this winter. (may)

___________________________________________

4 I'm sure bio-printing of organs will become a reality. (definitely)

___________________________________________

5 I'm fairly sure people will be healthier in the future. (probably)

___________________________________________

6 It's possible that antibiotics won't be effective in the future. (might)

___________________________________________

2. Complete the second sentence with must, might or can't so that it has a similar meaning to the first.

(Hoàn thành câu thứ hai với must, might hoặc can't để có nghĩa tương tự câu thứ nhất.)

1 It's possible that's our taxi.

That _______ be our taxi.

2 I'm sure that's our plane.

That _______ be out plane.

3 I'm sure that isn't our baggage.

That _______ be our baggage.

4 It's possible this is the hotel.

This _______ be the hotel.

5 I'm sure this is our room.

This _______ be our room.

6 We're sure that isn't our bill.

That _______ be our bill.

4. Nick and Anne are at the aquarium. Read their conversation and choose the correct options.

(Nick và Anne đang ở thủy cung. Đọc cuộc trò chuyện của họ và chọn các phương án đúng.)

Nick: Look! An octopus.

Anne: Where? I can't see anything.

Nick: Er... well, the sign says there's an octopus, so it ¹ must/couldn't be somewhere here.

Anne: I suppose it ² can't / might be hiding under that rock.

Nick: Yeah, or it ³ could / couldn't be away on holiday

Anne: On holiday? You ⁴ might / can't be serious! Honestly, I worry about you, Nick.

Nick: It says here that octopuses can change the colour of their skin and totally disappear. Cool! I'd love to be able to do that.

Anne: Nick, sometimes I think that would be a good idea.

5. Choose the correct phrase, A, B or C, which has a similar meaning to the underlined words in each sentence.

(Chọn cụm từ đúng A, B hoặc C có nghĩa tương tự với những từ được gạch chân trong mỗi câu.)

1 It is possible we are too late to catch the bus.

A We can't be

B We might be

C We must be

2 They only set off half an hour ago. I'm sure it's not true that they have arrived already.

A They can't have

B They may have

C They mustn't have

3 It is possible that Alice brought some sun cream. She's so pale-skinned.

A Alice must have

B Alice can't have

C Alice could have

4 I'm sure you are tired. We've been walking and sightseeing all day.

A You can't be

B You must be

C You might be

5 She can't find her passport! I'm sure it's true that she left it in the hotel room.

A She might have

B She must have

C She can't have

6 It is possible that the plane was delayed because of bad weather.

A The plane may have been

B The plane must have been

C The plane can't have been

4. Choose the correct option in the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.

(Chọn phương án đúng ở câu thứ hai sao cho có nghĩa tương tự câu thứ nhất.)

1 It's possible that we are lost. Do you have a map?

We might be / must be / can't be lost.

2 I'm sure these are my mum's keys. They look the same.

These might be / may be / must be my mum's keys.

3 Leo is sure this is not his luggage. His bags are bigger.

This might not be / can't be / must not be Leo's luggage.

4 Jess is sure the light in the sky was not a UFO.

According to Jess, the light in the sky must have been / might have been / can't have been a UFO.

5 It was possible Harry sprayed the graffiti in the toilet.

Harry must have sprayed / could have sprayed / can't have sprayed the graffiti in the toilet.

6 Cindy is sure that Edward forgot to pay for his lunch.

Cindy thinks Edward might have forgotten / can't have forgotten / must have forgotten to pay for his lunch.