Compound nouns (Danh từ ghép)

7. Match the words in the two columns to form compound nouns. Then complete the sentences. Use a hyphen or space where necessary.

(Nối các từ trong hai cột để tạo thành danh từ ghép. Sau đó hoàn thành các câu bên dưới. Dùng dấu gạch ngang ở những chỗ cần thiết.)

1. ___ pass 2. ___ birth 3. ___ rail 4. ___ tour 5. ___ land 6. ___ light 7. ___ seat 8. ___ five-star

a. belt b. mark c. hotel d. house e. port f. place g. guide h. way

1. We are staying at a _____ in Hanoi.

2. I always keep my _____ somewhere safe.

3. All passengers must fasten their _____ when they are on the plane.

4. The most famous _____ in my town is the monument.

5. We are visiting a _____ on the cliffs tomorrow.

6.  Quảng Bình is the _____ of General Võ Nguyên Giáp.

7. The _____ is very knowledgeable and interesting, and I am learning a lot about the museum.

8. Do _____ the lines go all the way to the top of the mountain? 

8. Combine one word in box A with another word in box B to make compound nouns and complete the sentences. Use a hyphen or space where necessary.

(Kết hợp một từ ở hộp A với một từ khác ở hộp B để tạo nên cụm danh từ và hoàn thành các câu sau. Sử dụng dấu nối ở chỗ cần thiết.)

Box A: • check • guide • self • land • opera • rail • pass • boat

Box B: • way • port • mark • ride • book • house • control • in

1. I need to take a photo for my new _____.

2. We were chatting happily while our train was travelling quietly along the _____.

3. Last night's concert at the _____ was spectacular! I was amazed!

4. Thomas prefers reading a _____ instead of looking up local information on his phone.

5. The flight attendant said that we could complete our _____ in five minutes.

6. I have no _____ at any buffet party because I can't stop myself from eating too much.

7. The Statue of Liberty is probably the most famous _____ in New York.

8 The island is just a short _____ away from the mainland.

2. Read and complete the LANGUAGE FOCUS with the examples in blue from the article.

(Đọc và hoàn thành TRỌNG TÂM NGÔN NGỮ với các ví dụ màu xanh lam trong bài viết.)

LANGUAGE FOCUS

Compound nouns and adjectives

Compound nouns

• A compound noun is normally made up of two words. The first word describes or modifies the second word: a (1) morning show = a show that is on in the morning. Compare: a company car (a type of car) and a car company (a type of company).

• Compound nouns can consist of:

noun + noun: (2) ________ anchor, newsreader, health check

adjective + noun: (3) _________ affairs

verb-ing + noun: breaking (4) _________

preposition + noun: (5) ________ view

• A significant number of compound nouns are made from phrasal verbs: back sth up => (6) ______, a crack down on sth => a crack-down

• Compound nouns can be written as one word, two words or with a hyphen. Check in a dictionary. The stress is usually on the first syllable.

Compound adjectives

• A compound adjective is usually made from two words and usually written with a hyphen.

• Compound adjectives can consist:

number + noun: three-minute, twenty-four-hour

adjective + noun: high-quality, present-day, deep-sea

noun + adjective: user-friendly, waist-high, weatherproof

noun /adjective / adverb + -ed/-ing participle: mouth-watering, short-lived, far-fetched, kind-hearted, weather-beaten, broad-shouldered, flat-footed, (7) __________, (8) ___________

verb + preposition/adverb: made-up, unheard-of

• Some compound adjectives are made from more than two words: four-year-old, state-of-the-art

• The noun in a compound adjective is usually singular a four-hour programme NOT a four-hours-programme

3. Match the words from boxes A and B to make common compound colour adjectives. What things can you describe using these colours?

(Nối các từ ở ô A và B để tạo thành các tính từ màu ghép thông dụng. Bạn có thể mô tả những điều gì bằng cách sử dụng những màu sắc này?)

A

bleed                           charcoal

lime                             nut                               sky

lemon                          snow

B

blue                             brown

grey                             red                               yellow

green                           white

a blood-red sky, a blood-red rose, blood-red lips

(bầu trời đỏ như máu, bông hồng đỏ như máu, đôi môi đỏ như máu)

Compound nouns (Danh từ ghép)

4. Complete the compound nouns in the sentences with the words below. Use a hyphen or space when necessary.

(Hoàn thành các danh từ ghép sau trong các câu với các từ bên dưới. Dùng dấu gạch ngang hay dấu cách khi cần.)

• land • port • self • boat • opera • guide • rail • check

1. She lost her pass _____, so she couldn't travel abroad.

2. I don't like reading the _____ book before visiting a destination.

3. Do you know where the _____ way station is?

4. What time should we complete our _____ in at the hotel?

5. When he gets angry, he often loses his _____ control.

6. It’s very convenient to go on a _____ ride to the small island.

7. I've never been to a(n) _____ house before because I'm not interested in that kind of music.

8. The Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long is a famous _____ mark that attracts thousands of tourists every year. 

3. Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

(Hoàn thành các câu sau với các từ trong hộp.)

1. It's no surprise that the team didn't do well this year, as the new coach had to deal with a lot of problems from the outset.

2. This used to be a _____ area, but it's changing quickly to become one of the city's most fashionable districts.

3. Each training session starts with a _____ activity so participants can revise what they learned the week before.

4. The _____ started a few minutes after I got to work, so luckily I didn't get wet.

5. It's a good idea to do a big _____ of your wardrobe every year and get rid of things you no longer use.

6. Sometimes it's difficult to explain my cultural _____ to people who grew up in a different country.

7. Please don't bring strong-smelling food into the office, as it might be _____ for your colleagues.