Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Renewable energy sources are becoming increasingly important in the fight against climate change. Solar and wind power, (1) _______, are two of the fastest-growing energy sources. Many countries have invested in these technologies to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions. Some nations try to harness sunlight and wind (2) _______. Advancements in technology have also made these energy sources more efficient and accessible.

One key advantage of renewable energy is that it does not produce carbon emissions during operation. (3) ______. Additionally, renewable energy ensures a stable electricity supply, as improving technologies enhance efficiency. Battery storage systems and smart grids help address power fluctuations, making renewable energy more reliable.

However, the transition is not without challenges. One major issue is the cost of infrastructure, whose development demands significant funding from governments. (4) ______. Despite these difficulties, experts agree that increasing investment in renewable energy will contribute significantly to a more sustainable future. Many governments have implemented policies to support the development of renewable energy, and these efforts are expected to continue in the coming years. (5) ______. As technology advances and costs drop, it will become more accessible, benefiting both the environment and the economy.

At a rescue centre

(Tại một trung tâm cứu hộ)

1. Listen and read.

(Nghe và đọc.)

Ms Smith: Welcome to the Endangered Primate Rescue Centre! If you have any questions during the tour, don't hesitate to ask me.

Mark: I've just seen a monkey in the enclosure. So are primates just monkeys, Ms Smith?

Ms Smith: No, primates are a group of mammals that includes not just monkeys, but also humans and apes.

Mark: What's the difference between apes and monkeys?

Ms Smith: Well, apes don't have tails and are larger than monkeys. Their brains are also larger. They're as good at using tools as they're at learning sign language.

Mai: So how many primates live here?

Ms Smith: The centre is home to more than 170 primates representing 14 species. They're housed in large enclosures.

Mark: I can hear some sounds. Is someone singing?

Ms Smith: We're close to the gibbons' enclosure, and the male and female gibbons are singing. Gibbons are the smallest of the apes, and all seven species are regarded as threatened. In fact, five of them are listed as critically endangered.

Mai: What is the main threat to gibbons?

Ms Smith: It's habitat loss due to deforestation and illegal hunting. Poachers make a big profit out of selling gibbons as pets and for making traditional medicine and food.

Mai: So we can help gibbons if we stop keeping them as pets.

Ms Smith: That's right. Now let me show you Derek, the gibbon we rescued last week. He was locked in a cage for two years as an illegal pet.

Mai: Oh no, he's so thin.

Ms Smith: Yes. Gibbons can become ill or weak unless they're fed the right type of food. After examining Derek, our veterinarian also found head injuries. So we'll give him a suitable diet and monitor him for several weeks before we release him into the national park.

2. Read the conversation again and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).

(Đọc lại đoạn hội thoại và quyết định xem các câu phát biểu là đúng (T) hay sai (F).)

3. Match the words and phrases with their meanings.

(Ghép các từ/cụm từ với nghĩa của chúng.)

4. Complete the following sentences using the information from 1.

(Hoàn thành các câu sau sử dụng thông tin từ bài 1.)

1. _____, don't hesitate to ask.

2. Apes are as good at using tools _____.

3. We can help gibbons _____.

4. _____ unless they're fed the right type of food.

2. Read the news items and choose the most suitable headline for each one. There are TWO extra headlines.

(Đọc các mục tin tức và chọn tiêu đề phù hợp nhất cho mỗi mục. Có HAI tiêu đề bị thừa.)

WILDLIFE CONSERVATION NEWS

1. _______

More than 600 volunteers participated in sea turtle conservation activities held on Con Dao Island last week. Volunteers made sure that their spawning ground is safe. They also rescued turtle eggs and buried them in the sand. Sea turtles are threatened with extinction worldwide, and their populations have decreased dramatically in many places. That is why sea turtle conservation programmes are organised annually around the world. They attract many volunteers and help raise public awareness about the threats to sea turtle species.

2. _______

Local authorities are taking measures to restore the coral reef ecosystem in Nha Trang Bay. They will organise regular clean-ups of the seabed and removal of marine debris. Diving clubs will also help by having their professional divers collect broken pieces of coral, re-grow them in underwater nurseries, and then re-attach them to reefs. Coral cover is expected to increase, which will help restore natural habitats and promote marine biodiversity in the bay. In addition, the bay's management board will also monitor the number of swimmers and divers to avoid putting too much stress on the ecosystem.

3. _______

An exhibition entitled 'Paint for wildlife' will be held in Ha Noi next week. It will include more than 30 paintings by secondary school students across the country. Visitors will also have the opportunity to meet the young artists and discuss the stories behind their beautiful paintings. All of them will be on sale to raise money for the protection of endangered and vulnerable species. The event organisers hope to raise public awareness of wildlife conservation through art and contribute to efforts to save rare and endangered animals.

4. Read the news items again and choose the correct answer.

(Đọc lại các tin tức và chọn câu trả lời đúng.)

1. Where is the sea turtle spawning ground?

A. Con Dao Island

B. Ha Noi

C. Khanh Hoa

D. Nha Trang

2. Which of the following is NOT true about sea turtles?

A. Volunteers help sea turtles by burying them in the sand.

B. Their populations have gone down significantly.

C. They receive help from volunteers every year.

D. They are facing extinction all over the world.

3. Why did the management board of Nha Trang Bay have to monitor the number of divers and swimmers there?

A. To train more professional divers.

B. To restore the coral system.

C. To avoid putting pressure on the system.

D. To promote the natural habitat of the bay.

4. How many paintings will be on display in the wildlife exhibition?

A. Around 600.

B. Around 300.

C. Around 25.

D. Around 30.

5. What will happen to the paintings at the exhibition?

A. They will be donated to visitors.

B. They will be sold to raise money for  wildlife conservation.

C. They will be shown in public places.

D. They will be given to different schools.

1. Read the following text. Put a tick (✓) if the animals in the table are classified as endangered and a cross (x) if they are not.

(Đọc đoạn văn sau. Đánh dấu (✓) nếu các động vật trong bảng được phân loại là có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng và đánh dấu chéo (x) nếu không.)

THE IUCN RED LIST

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List divides species into seven levels of conservation: Least Concern, Near Threatened, Vulnerable, Endangered, Critically Endangered, Extinct in the Wild, and Extinct. It uses a set of precise criteria to evaluate extinction risks and decides which species need protection. An endangered species is one that meets any of the following criteria:

Population reduction rate

A species is classified as endangered when its population has declined between 50 and 70 per cent. This decline is measured over 10 years or longer.

Geographic range

Geographic range describes the area where a species is found. If the area that a species lives on, known as its area of occupancy, is estimated to be less than 500 square kilometres, then the species is classified as endangered.

Population size

A species is classified as endangered when there are fewer than 2,500 mature individuals. When a species population declines by at least 20 per cent or two generations within five years, it is also classified as endangered.

1 Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

(Đọc đoạn văn sau và khoanh tròn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra câu trả lời đúng cho mỗi câu hỏi.)

No more kangaroo skins!

Nike, one of the world's largest sportswear companies, has announced that it will no longer use kangaroo leather in the production of its shoes starting in 2023. This decision is a significant step towards wildlife protection, particularly in Australia, where millions of kangaroos are killed every year.

The use of kangaroo skin in athletic shoes has always caused a lot of anger among environmental groups due to the cruel practices involved in the commercial killing of kangaroos. Many have called for a ban on the use of kangaroo leather in products, and Nike's announcement is a step towards that goal.

Nike will instead produce a new version of its popular football boots made from a new synthetic material that provides better performance. The company's decision to replace kangaroo leather with a synthetic material is also in line with the growing trend among luxury brands to ban the use of kangaroo skin in their products. Other major brands such as Puma, Versace, and Prada have already taken similar steps.

While Nike's decision has been widely applauded, there are concerns about the impact on the commercial kangaroo industry in Australia. Its supporters believe that banning the use of kangaroo leather in products would have negative economic impacts on the industry, despite the environmental benefits. The commercial killing of kangaroos is legal in Australia and kangaroo products are also considered by some to be a sustainable option, as their carbon footprint is believed to be a lot lower than that of cattle and sheep.

Nike's decision to stop using kangaroo leather in its products is a positive step towards wildlife protection. However, it is also important to consider its impact on the commercial kangaroo industry and the need for sustainable and humane management of kangaroo populations.

1. What is the main focus of the passage?

A. The disagreements surrounding the use of kangaroo leather in athletic shoes.

B. Nike's decision to stop using kangaroo leather in its products.

C. The commercial kangaroo industry in Australia and its impact on wildlife.

D. The need for sustainable and ethical practices in the fashion industry.

2. The word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to

A. Nike

B. sport

C. one

D. Kangaroo leather

3. The word “synthetic” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to

A. natural

B. biodegradable

C. artificial

D. organic

4. The word “applauded” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to

A. criticised

B. neglected

C. disagreed

D. praised

5. According to the passage, why has the use of kangaroo leather in athletic shoes caused anger among environmental groups?

A. Because it is an expensive material that not many people can afford.

B. Because kangaroos are a rare and endangered animal species.

C. Because the commercial killing of kangaroos is considered cruel.

D. Because it has a negative impact on the environment.

6. What new material is Nike planning to use in place of kangaroo leather in their football boots?

A. A new type of leather that is more sustainable than kangaroo leather.

B. A synthetic material that ensures better performance than kangaroo leather.

C. A type of fabric made from recycled football boots.

D. No information is given.

7. What can we infer about the writer's attitude towards Nike's decision to stop using kangaroo leather in its products?

A. The writer supports Nike's decision.

B. The writer opposes Nike's decision.

C. The writer is neutral towards Nike's decision.

D. It can't be inferred from the passage.

8. Which of the opinions about the commercial killing of kangaroos is NOT expressed in the passage?

A. Farming kangaroos instead of cattle and sheep will be better for the environment.

B. Bans on using kangaroo skin will be bad for the commercial kangaroo industry.

C. Kangaroo products are considered by some as a sustainable option.

D. The commercial kangaroo industry manages the kangaroo populations in a humane way.

8. A to

B. in

C. on

D. for

Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

(Đọc đoạn văn sau và khoanh tròn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra câu trả lời đúng cho mỗi câu hỏi từ 36 đến 42.)

Biodiversity on our planet is rapidly declining mainly due to human activities such as climate change and pollution. That is why governments and organisations have taken measures to protect wildlife and stop biodiversity loss. The emergence of artificial intelligence has dramatically changed wildlife protection. Conservationists are now turning to AI to find solutions to the rapid loss of plants and animals.

One of the biggest threats to endangered species is poaching for commercial purposes. Therefore, it is essential to stop this illegal activity in forests and nature reserves. However, rangers, whose job is to take care of such large areas, find it hard to monitor wildlife and prevent poaching. That is why many national parks are using AI cameras to track both animals and poachers. Furthermore, the cameras can send real-time updates to rangers' phones and alert them to any illegal activities within minutes. The cutting-edge technology is even effective at night when poachers operate under cover of darkness. The AI cameras are designed to automatically notice any illegal cars or boats entering forests or other protected areas.

Another factor responsible for the decline in biodiversity is habitat loss. When natural habitats or environmental conditions change, it's nearly impossible for scientists to identify the changes until they discover strong evidence. For example, some countries have faced increasing pressure from climate change and economic growth, and have lost a huge amount of surface water. However, the situation has only been discovered with the help of artificial intelligence. Without AI, scientists could not have identified and analysed the changes nationwide. AI has played an important role in collecting data and analysing the factors affecting wildlife, thus helping governments and organisations respond to critical situations in the quickest way possible.

36. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. The causes of biodiversity loss

B. The benefits and drawbacks of AI

C. The rapid spread of AI in wildlife

D. The application of AI in wildlife conservation

37. The word “emergence” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______

A. floating

B. appearance

C. attention

D. method

38. Which of the benefits of using AI in wildlife conservation is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2?

A. Tracking both animals and poachers.

B. Counting endangered animals.

C. Alerting rangers to any illegal activities.

D. Identifying moving objects in the areas.

39. The word “cutting-edge” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_______

A. advanced

B. reliable

C. expensive

D. suitable

40. The word “they” in paragraph 3 refers to _______

A. changes

B. natural habitats

C. animals

D. scientists

41. Which of the following is true about AI in tracking environmental changes?

A. AI provides information about causes of wildlife loss.

B. AI identifies the places where endangered species live.

C. AI improves environmental conditions.

D. AI removes the factors affecting wildlife.

42. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. AI can provide all the solutions to the current issues.

B. Protecting the future of species depends on AI.

C. AI is an emerging technology in conservation that will be used a lot more in the future.

D. It's impossible for scientists to conduct wildlife research without AI.